Ghulam Zafari’s Role in The History of Uzbek Dramaturgy

Abstract

Ghulam Zafari is one of the most important figures in Uzbek modern literature. A poet, dramatist, folklorist and musicologist, his diverse creative output made a significant contribution to twentieth-century Uzbek culture. Zafari is also considered the founder of Uzbek children's drama, having written the first Uzbek musical drama. This played a crucial role in enriching the country's theatrical art and introducing new artistic forms to Uzbek literature. His play Halima was very popular among the Uzbek people in the 1920s and 1930s, attracting large audiences and gaining recognition for its artistic expressiveness and social significance. Prominent figures in Uzbek literature, including Fitrat, Cholpon and Abdulla Qadiri, as well as Russian art critics B. Pestovsky and V. Ouspensky, praised this work, emphasising its significance in the evolution of modern Uzbek dramaturgy and its impact on subsequent literary developments. In the twentieth century, Ghulam Zafari left a significant legacy in Uzbek culture, contributing to literature, folklore studies, musicology and the broader cultural sphere. His works reflect the socio-cultural environment of his time, demonstrating a deep connection with national traditions and values. This article provides a brief analysis of Zafari's life and masterpieces, based on archival research into newspapers published at the beginning of the 20th century. It offers valuable insights into his creative legacy and historical significance.