The Role of Spiritual Capital in Developing Proactive Behavior: The Mediating Role of the Psychological Empowerment of the Employees

Abstract

The research aimed to analyze and understand the relationship between the independent variable spiritual capital with its dimensions (spiritual leadership, spiritual survival, spiritual communication, spiritual motivation) and the dependent variable developing proactive behavior with its dimensions (prevention of problems, assuming responsibility, employee voice, employee creativity) mediated by psychological empowerment of workers with its dimensions (efficiency, influence, meaning, independence). The research problem was represented by the following question (What is the relationship between spiritual capital and proactive behavior mediated by psychological empowerment of workers in the Karbala Education Directorate)? The importance of the research was clarified through the results obtained from the survey of the opinions of the research sample represented by (272) participants from the employees of the Karbala Education Directorate as a community, amounting to (800) employees, adopting the questionnaire form prepared according to the five-point Likert scale, and descriptive statistical methods were used, including the arithmetic mean and standard deviation, as well as analytical statistical techniques, including linear regression and correlation coefficient) using the (SPSS) program and the (Sobel) test for the importance of the mediating role. It reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which was the effectiveness of the mediating role of psychological empowerment of employees in enhancing the relationship between spiritual capital and proactive behavior in the Karbala Education Directorate, the research community.