The Role of Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease: Clinical Outcomes and Limitations

Abstract

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a minimally invasive technique in which electrodes are 
implanted in deep areas of the brain to treat neurological pathologies. It is recommended for Parkinson’s 
disease, obsessive-compulsive disorder, essential tremors, epilepsy and dystonia. The main symptoms of 
Parkinson’s disease, such as bradykinesia, tremors, repetitive stiffness and weakness in arms and legs, are 
greatly reduced after the deep brain stimulation. For Parkinson’s patients who are unresponsive to 
medication, deep brain stimulation is a gold standard. The immediate effectiveness in reducing the 
symptoms, the minimally invasive procedure and the fewer postoperative complications are the highlights 
of this specific surgical procedure, which make it the best choice for the surgeon as well as for the patient. 
The postoperative period is short, and the patient recovers within weeks and comes to routine within a 
month. This surgery is performed frequently for patients with stage 4 Parkinson’s disease in the department 
of Neurosurgery and Neuro-rehabilitation at Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan. A total 
sample size of 68 reports in the year 2024, which consisted of 24 consecutively referred patients for DBS 
were used to obtain data for examination of age, gender and subtype. The results of our study showed that 
DBS was conducted more in the elderly and male population. This article also explores the clinical 
outcomes and limitations of DBS in patients with Parkinson’s disease, evaluating the effectiveness, 
complications and potential risks to be considered. Although DBS seem to be the safest solution for 
Parkinson’s disease, further advancements are still required to enhance therapeutic precision and minimize 
adverse effects.