American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
type: channel
description: American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769) is an open-access and double-blind peer-reviewed international journal that aims to publish original research articles, case studies, and review papers. Journal is an interdisciplinary forum for researchers that address the intersection of education and STEM learning technologies. It aims to provide implications and scopes to develop and enhance STEM education as well as the uses of technology in education at all levels across the globe. It focuses to deliver perspectives at all levels, from the micro-level of explicit educational methods and tools to be used in the learning management system, educational institutional management method, development, and implementation, curriculum & content development, graduate employability, and quality education, to the macro-level of national policies and implementations; from primary education levels to adults in both territory and vocational education levels in schools, institutions and higher institutions to online, offline and lifelong learning.
publisher: GRN Publishing
language: en
publication name: American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
issn: 2993-2769
items: The Artistic and Aesthetic Features of Alliteration in Uzbek and Turkish Proverbs
items: The Importance of Lexicography in the Translation of Terminology Between English and Uzbek
items: Problems of Interlingual Transfer of Textual Units in Audiovisual Translation
items: Effects of Scaffolded Project-Based Language Teaching on Anxiety and Communicative Competence: Evidence From Freshman Efl Students At Uzswlu
items: Linguoculturology and the Linguocultural Aspect of Phraseological Units
items: Social class through language: Stylistic Markers of Statues and lifestyle in Mitchell's Narrative
items: Reflections on Teaching Idiomatic Expressions in Uzbek Language Classes
items: Socio-Psychological Characteristics of Future Foreign Language Teachers and Their Importance in Pedagogical Activity
items: Teacher Speech Communicative Qualities
items: Cognitive Framing in Media Discourse: A Cognitive-Pragmatic Analysis of the Linguistic Representation of Global Issues
items: Manifestation of Communicative Intensity in the Expression of Speech Connotation Typical for Women Authors
items: A Unique Philosophy of The Process of Forming Media Literacy and Information Culture in Educational Institutions of Foreign Countries
items: The Role of Linguistic and Extralinguistic Devices in Film Discourse for the Creation of Linguo-Axiological Principles
items: Phraseological Productivity and Conceptual Profiles of Somatic Components in Modern Standard Arabic: A Corpus-Based Study
items: ANUSHTEGINID FOREIGN POLICY AND THE IDEOLOGICAL WAR WITH THE ABBASID CALIPHATE (A CASE STUDY OF THE ERA OF KHWARAZMSHAH ALAUDDIN MUHAMMAD)
items: Foreign Scholars’ Views on the Issue of the Competency-Based Approach in Teaching Arabic to Uzbek Students
items: Comparative-Linguistic Analysis of Objectivity and Boundedness Meanings in Verb Combinations
items: Modern Educational Models in the Context of Mother Tongue Teaching
items: The Importance of Early Notification in Ensuring Timely Response to Fires
items: The Use of Phytonyms in Figurative Meaning in Karakalpak Folklore
items: Digital Pedagogies for Enhancing Entrepreneurship Education in Business Classrooms in Universities in Rivers State
items: Linguocultural Aspects of Discursive-Pragmatic Transformations in the Translation of Metaphors in English Literary Texts
items: Linguo-Stylistic Possibilities of Synonymic Choice in The Speech of Religious Scholars
items: The Role of Family–School Cooperation in Enhancing Youth Spiritual and Moral Development
items: Digital Skills Acquisition and Business Educators' Job Effectiveness in Public Universities in Rivers and Bayelsa States
items: Typological Features of Artistic Speechforms in The Prose of Kuchqor Norkobul and Remark
items: The Role Of Corrective Feedback In Second Language Acquisition: A Classroom Observation Study Of Beginner Efl Learners
items: The Translator's Linguistic Identity in Cross-Cultural Literary Transfer: Author–Image–Translator Triad in Uzbek–Russian and Uzbek–English Translations
items: Assessing Language Competence in Adaptive AI Learning
items: Pragmatic and Sociolinguistic Features of Hybrid Verbs in Instagram Youth Discourse

The Artistic and Aesthetic Features of Alliteration in Uzbek and Turkish Proverbs
type: item
description: This article presents a comparative analysis of the use of alliteration as a stylistic device in Uzbek and Turkish folk proverbs. The study examines the phonetic structure of alliteration, its semantic function, its role in shaping rhythm and melody, as well as its national and cultural specificities in the oral traditions of the two Turkic peoples.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: alliteration
  topic: keywords
subject: folk proverbs
  topic: keywords
subject: comparative folklore studies
  topic: keywords
subject: melody
  topic: keywords
subject: parallelism
  topic: keywords
subject: phoneme
  topic: keywords
creator: Shohista Soatboyevna Atajonova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 293
ending page: 295

The Importance of Lexicography in the Translation of Terminology Between English and Uzbek
type: item
description: This article examines the importance of lexicography in translating social, economic, and political terminology between English and Uzbek. It analyzes lexical transformation techniques, including transliteration, transcription, calque, and lexical addition, through practical examples. The study emphasizes that effective use of lexicographic resources ensures terminological consistency, semantic accuracy, and high-quality specialized translation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: lexicography
  topic: keywords
subject: translation studies
  topic: keywords
subject: English-Uzbek translation
  topic: keywords
subject: social terminology
  topic: keywords
subject: economic terminology
  topic: keywords
subject: political terminology
  topic: keywords
subject: lexical transformations
  topic: keywords
subject: transliteration
  topic: keywords
subject: transcription
  topic: keywords
subject: calque
  topic: keywords
subject: terminology management
  topic: keywords
subject: bilingual dictionaries
  topic: keywords
creator: Asror Yusupov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
starting page: 286
ending page: 292

Problems of Interlingual Transfer of Textual Units in Audiovisual Translation
type: item
description: Audiovisual translation (AVT) has become one of the fastest-growing fields of Translation Studies due to the rapid development of digital media, streaming platforms, and global communication. Unlike conventional written translation, audiovisual translation requires translators to consider linguistic, cultural, visual, and acoustic elements simultaneously. This multimodal nature creates numerous challenges in the interlingual transfer of textual units. The present study examines the major linguistic and extralinguistic problems encountered during audiovisual translation, focusing on subtitling and dubbing as the two dominant AVT modes. The study employs qualitative comparative analysis based on theoretical approaches proposed by Díaz Cintas, Chaume, Pedersen, Baker, and Gottlieb. The findings indicate that successful interlingual transfer depends not only on linguistic equivalence but also on functional adequacy and multimodal coherence. Translators frequently apply strategies such as adaptation, omission, condensation, reformulation, and cultural substitution to preserve communicative effectiveness. The research concludes that audiovisual translation should be regarded as a process of intercultural mediation rather than simple linguistic substitution. These findings contribute to the growing body of research on audiovisual translation and provide practical recommendations for translators working in multilingual audiovisual environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: audiovisual translation, interlingual transfer, subtitling, dubbing, textual units, multimodality, translation strategies.
  topic: keywords
creator: Muminova Durdonakhon Shuhratovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 236
ending page: 239

Effects of Scaffolded Project-Based Language Teaching on Anxiety and Communicative Competence: Evidence From Freshman Efl Students At Uzswlu
type: item
description: The increasing demand for communicative competence in higher education has prompted educators to adopt learner-centered approaches that foster active engagement, collaboration, and meaningful language use. Among these approaches, Project-Based Language Teaching (PBLT) has gained significant attention for its capacity to integrate language learning with authentic tasks and real-world problem-solving. In English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, particularly among freshman university students, PBLT provides opportunities for learners to develop linguistic proficiency alongside critical thinking, creativity, and teamwork skills.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: scaffolding, Project-Based Language Teaching (PBLT), English as a Foreign Language (EFL), freshman students, Zone of Proximal Development, Vygotskian theory, Neurolinguistic Approach, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, learner autonomy, collaborative learning.
creator: Normatova Yulduz Nurnazarovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-28
publication date: 2026-06-28
starting page: 271
ending page: 285

Linguoculturology and the Linguocultural Aspect of Phraseological Units
type: item
description: It is well known that every nation and ethnic group possesses its own national traditions and customs. Consequently, every individual is connected with a particular culture, language, history, and literature that reflect their national identity. Therefore, each nation's language embodies its unique national traditions and cultural values. Nowadays, comprehensive economic, political, cultural, and scientific cooperation among individuals, nations, and countries is expanding on an unprecedented scale. International cultural and communicative processes have generated numerous linguistic issues related to language culture and the national specificity of language arising from interactions among representatives of different languages and cultures.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: linguoculturology
  topic: keywords
subject: phraseological units
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural concept
  topic: keywords
subject: language and culture
  topic: keywords
creator: Maxbuba Shavkatovna Mardiyeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
starting page: 266
ending page: 270

Social class through language: Stylistic Markers of Statues and lifestyle in Mitchell's Narrative
type: item
description: This article investigates the linguistic means by which Margaret Mitchell’s 1936 novel Gone with the Wind constructs and signals social class membership among its characters. Treating the novel as a literary record of antebellum and Reconstruction-era Southern sociolinguistic variation, the study draws on the sociolinguistics of social stratification, register theory, and literary-dialect scholarship to build a four-level descriptive framework comprising phonological-orthographic, lexical, syntactic, and pragmatic markers. Applying this framework to the represented speech of the novel’s principal social groups — the planter aristocracy, the impoverished “poor white” tenant farmers, and the enslaved house servants — the analysis shows that Mitchell encodes a hierarchically organized speech continuum in which orthographic respelling, lexical choice, syntactic complexity, and address terms jointly index a character’s class position and lifestyle. The discussion situates these findings within recent scholarship on the ideological consequences of Mitchell’s dialect writing, particularly its racialized eye dialect, arguing that literary style in the novel does not merely reflect a pre-existing social order but actively naturalizes it for the reader. The article closes by considering the relevance of these findings for teaching English stylistics, sociolinguistics, and literary translation in an EFL context.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: social class, literary dialect, eye dialect, stylistics, register, sociolinguistics, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind.
  topic: keywords
creator: Marupova Aziza Axtamovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-29
publication date: 2026-06-29
starting page: 260
ending page: 265

Reflections on Teaching Idiomatic Expressions in Uzbek Language Classes
type: item
description: In Uzbek language lessons, issues regarding the enrichment of students' vocabulary through phraseological units, the development of speech competence, and familiarization with the national-cultural content of expressions are relevant. This article examines the methodological aspects of teaching phrases.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: expression
  topic: keywords
subject: phraseological unit
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbek language
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: culture
  topic: keywords
subject: interactive methods
  topic: keywords
creator: Alimova Madina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-27
publication date: 2026-06-27
starting page: 255
ending page: 259

Socio-Psychological Characteristics of Future Foreign Language Teachers and Their Importance in Pedagogical Activity
type: item
description: The modern system of foreign language education requires not only linguistic competence from future teachers but also the development of socio-psychological qualities that ensure effective pedagogical interaction. The professional success of foreign language teachers largely depends on their communication skills, emotional stability, empathy, motivation, self-confidence, and intercultural competence. This article analyzes the socio-psychological characteristics of future foreign language teachers and explains their significance in pedagogical activity. The study highlights that socio-psychological readiness directly influences teaching effectiveness, classroom management, communicative interaction, and learners’ motivation. The integration of socio-psychological approaches into teacher education programs contributes to the formation of professionally competent and psychologically resilient foreign language teachers.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: socio-psychological competence
  topic: keywords
subject: future foreign language teachers
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical activity
  topic: keywords
subject: emotional intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: communicative competence
  topic: keywords
subject: motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: intercultural communication
  topic: keywords
subject: professional development
  topic: keywords
creator: Farkhodova Dilnoza
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 250
ending page: 254

Teacher Speech Communicative Qualities
type: item
description: This article analyzes the concept of pedagogical speech, its specific features, and the communicative qualities of teacher speech. Information is provided about such communicative qualities of speech as accuracy, correctness, logicality, and expressiveness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: speech
  topic: keywords
subject: accuracy
  topic: keywords
subject: correctness
  topic: keywords
subject: expressiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical speech
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohigul Haydarovna Ergasheva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 237
ending page: 240

Cognitive Framing in Media Discourse: A Cognitive-Pragmatic Analysis of the Linguistic Representation of Global Issues
type: item
description: Media discourse plays a central role in shaping public understanding of global issues by presenting events through particular cognitive frames. Rather than serving as neutral channels of information, news media employ linguistic strategies that activate specific conceptual structures, influence interpretation, and guide audience evaluation. This study investigates how cognitive framing functions in English-language media discourse through the linguistic representation of major global issues, including climate change, migration, artificial intelligence, public health, and international conflicts. Drawing on Cognitive Linguistics, Frame Semantics, Framing Theory, and Critical Discourse Analysis, the research examines how lexical choices, metaphors, evaluative language, and narrative structures contribute to the construction of meaning. The study adopts a qualitative research design based on discourse analysis of authentic news texts published by internationally recognized English-language media organizations. The findings demonstrate that media framing is achieved through systematic linguistic choices that activate culturally shared knowledge structures and influence readers' perceptions of social reality. Different media outlets emphasize different conceptualizations of identical events, thereby constructing alternative cognitive representations that may affect public opinion and policy preferences. The analysis further reveals that cognitive framing extends beyond vocabulary selection to include syntactic organization, thematic progression, and contextual interpretation. These findings contribute to contemporary research in cognitive linguistics and pragmatics by illustrating the interaction between language, cognition, and social communication. The study also highlights the importance of critical media literacy in recognizing how linguistic framing influences public understanding of complex global phenomena.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cognitive linguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: framing theory
  topic: keywords
subject: media discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: frame semantics
  topic: keywords
subject: pragmatics
  topic: keywords
subject: discourse analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: conceptualization
  topic: keywords
subject: global issues
  topic: keywords
creator: Shamahmudova Aziza Furkatovna
creator: Shaimerdenova Nursulu Jamalbekovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 241
ending page: 249

Manifestation of Communicative Intensity in the Expression of Speech Connotation Typical for Women Authors
type: item
description: This article examines how connotative meanings in women's speech manifest communicative intensity. Connotation — an additional emotive-evaluative layer beyond denotation — is produced by linguistic and extralinguistic means and functions as a pragmatic indicator of speakers' subjective attitudes. Using Uzbek language data and literary examples, the study analyzes phonetic (vowel elongation, consonant gemination), lexical-semantic (interjections, repetition, particles, distorted pronunciations), morphological (diminutive-affectionate suffixes such as -jon), and syntactic devices that generate connotative meaning in female speech. The paper demonstrates that women frequently employ emotionally colored lexis, evaluative clauses, prosodic features, and nonverbal resources to intensify communicative effects. Findings indicate that connotation pervades all linguistic levels and plays a central role in establishing empathy, social closeness, and pragmatic intent in women's interactions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pragmatics
  topic: keywords
subject: communicative intention
  topic: keywords
subject: speech act
  topic: keywords
subject: speech expressiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: connotation
  topic: keywords
subject: women's speech
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdurasulova Dilnoza
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 231
ending page: 236

A Unique Philosophy of The Process of Forming Media Literacy and Information Culture in Educational Institutions of Foreign Countries
type: item
description: This article examines the unique philosophy and practical approaches to the formation of media literacy and information culture in educational institutions of foreign countries. It analyzes the experience of Finland, the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Canada, and Russia in developing media education systems and integrating media literacy into educational processes. The study highlights the conceptual foundations, objectives, and institutional mechanisms that support the development of critical thinking, responsible media consumption, and information security. Based on international best practices, recommendations are proposed for improving media literacy education and strengthening information culture in modern educational institutions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Media Literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Information Culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Institutions
  topic: keywords
subject: Critical Thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: Information Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: International Experience
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Competence
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Policy
  topic: keywords
creator: Ruziyev Yulchi Ziyodullayevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-25
publication date: 2026-06-25
starting page: 227
ending page: 230

The Role of Linguistic and Extralinguistic Devices in Film Discourse for the Creation of Linguo-Axiological Principles
type: item
description: Film discourse represents a complex semiotic phenomenon in which verbal and non-verbal elements interact to create meaning, convey cultural values, and shape audience perceptions. The study of linguo-axiology focuses on how language reflects and constructs value systems within communication. In film discourse, linguistic and extralinguistic devices serve as essential tools for expressing ideological, moral, cultural, and social values. This article examines the role of linguistic and extralinguistic devices in creating linguo-axiological principles within film discourse. The research highlights how lexical choices, stylistic devices, dialogue structures, visual imagery, music, gestures, and cultural symbols contribute to the formation of value-oriented meanings. The findings demonstrate that film discourse functions not only as a means of entertainment but also as a powerful mechanism for transmitting and reinforcing societal values.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: film discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: linguo-axiology
  topic: keywords
subject: linguistic devices
  topic: keywords
subject: extralinguistic devices
  topic: keywords
subject: values
  topic: keywords
subject: cinema
  topic: keywords
subject: communication
  topic: keywords
subject: semiotics
  topic: keywords
creator: Bekniyozova Ferangiz O‘ktam qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-24
publication date: 2026-06-24
starting page: 222
ending page: 226

Phraseological Productivity and Conceptual Profiles of Somatic Components in Modern Standard Arabic: A Corpus-Based Study
type: item
description: Somatic phraseological units – multiword expressions whose pivotal or dependent component denotes a part of the human body – constitute one of the oldest and most productive layers of the phraseological stock of any language. This article examines the phraseological productivity and the conceptual profiles of somatic components in Modern Standard Arabic on the basis of a purpose-built corpus of 844 somatic phraseological units extracted from a dictionary of idiomatic expression in contemporary Arabic (Dāwūd, 2003), covering 71 distinct body-part lexemes. The study pursues two aims: to establish the productivity hierarchy of somatic components and the distribution of figurative mechanisms across the corpus, and to map the conceptual fields generated by the six most productive components – yad ‘hand’, ʿayn ‘eye’, qalb ‘heart’, wajh ‘face’, raʾs ‘head’ and lisān ‘tongue’. The quantitative analysis shows that external body parts account for roughly three-quarters of all units, that metonymy outranks metaphor among overtly figurative units, and that the productivity ranking of Arabic somatisms broadly parallels that reported for genetically unrelated languages. The qualitative analysis reveals that each productive component anchors a structured set of conceptual domains – power, perception, emotion, social standing, cognition and speech – confirming that the body functions as a coherent and culturally elaborated source domain in Arabic phraseology. The findings carry implications for bilingual lexicography, translation and the teaching of Arabic as a foreign language.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Somatism
  topic: keywords
subject: Phraseological Unit
  topic: keywords
subject: Modern Standard Arabic
  topic: keywords
subject: Conceptualization
  topic: keywords
subject: Metaphor
  topic: keywords
subject: Metonymy
  topic: keywords
subject: Phraseological Productivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Body-Part Lexis
  topic: keywords
creator: Mamasoliyeva Mushtariybegim Qobuljon qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-24
publication date: 2026-06-24
starting page: 213
ending page: 221

ANUSHTEGINID FOREIGN POLICY AND THE IDEOLOGICAL WAR WITH THE ABBASID CALIPHATE (A CASE STUDY OF THE ERA OF KHWARAZMSHAH ALAUDDIN MUHAMMAD)
type: item
description: This article examines a critical juncture in the foreign policy of the Anushteginid (Khwarazmian) dynasty: the escalating conflict between Sultan Ala al-Din Muhammad (r. 1200–1220) and the Abbasid Caliph al-Nasir li-Din Allah (r. 1180–1225). Employing a qualitative, historical-critical methodology, this study investigates how a geopolitical rivalry for regional hegemony transformed into an unprecedented ideological war. The Results section delineates the key stages of this policy, including the discovery of the Caliph's anti-Khwarazmian intrigues, the Sultan's subsequent use of "fatwa diplomacy" to delegitimize the Abbasid caliphate, and the ambitious but failed project to install a rival "anti-caliph." The Discussion analyzes the strategic implications of this radical foreign policy, arguing that while it represented the apex of Anushteginid imperial ambition, it ultimately proved catastrophic. By instigating a schism within the leadership of the Dar al-Islam, Sultan Muhammad undermined his own spiritual legitimacy and precipitated the profound diplomatic isolation of his empire. The article concludes that this internal fracture was a decisive factor that crippled the potential for a united Islamic response, thereby creating a vacuum of authority that facilitated the devastating success of the subsequent Mongol invasions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Aziz A. Tolibjonov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-24
publication date: 2025-12-24
starting page: 318
ending page: 322

Foreign Scholars’ Views on the Issue of the Competency-Based Approach in Teaching Arabic to Uzbek Students
type: item
description: This article analyzes foreign scholars’ views on the competency-based approach in teaching Arabic to Uzbek students. The competency-based approach is considered one of the most effective directions in modern foreign language education because it focuses not only on linguistic knowledge but also on the learner’s ability to use the language in real communicative, academic, cultural, and professional contexts. In teaching Arabic, this approach is especially important due to the complex grammatical structure of Arabic, its rich lexical system, stylistic diversity, and close connection with Arab-Islamic culture. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of competency-based language teaching through the views of foreign scholars such as N. Chomsky, D. Hymes, M. Canale, M. Swain, H. Widdowson, C. Kramsch, J. C. Richards, D. Nunan, and S. Savignon. The study also explains the relevance of these theories to Arabic language education for Uzbek students. The article concludes that the competency-based approach can improve students’ linguistic, communicative, sociocultural, intercultural, discourse, strategic, and translation competencies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: competency-based approach, Arabic language teaching, Uzbek students, communicative competence, intercultural competence, foreign scholars, foreign language education.
  topic: keywords
creator: Kamala S. Qodirova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-23
publication date: 2026-06-23
starting page: 213
ending page: 217

Comparative-Linguistic Analysis of Objectivity and Boundedness Meanings in Verb Combinations
type: item
description: The creative processes of the Kokand Khanate period, the intellectual collaboration of scholars from Namangan, and their literary traditions are analyzed. Based on historical and literary sources, Namangan is presented as a historically significant cultural center that has long produced prominent poets and enlightened thinkers. The life and creative activity of Nodim Namangoniy, his attitude toward the socio-political events of the colonial period, as well as his satirical and didactic views, are examined on a scholarly basis. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of the Namangan literary environment in the history of Uzbek literature and the significance of Nodim Namangoniy as an enlightened poet.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: objectivity, boundedness, verb combinations, transitivity, telicity, verb semantics, English, Uzbek, comparative linguistics.
  topic: keywords
creator: Inamova Dilfuza Ergashevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-23
publication date: 2026-06-23
starting page: 207
ending page: 212

Modern Educational Models in the Context of Mother Tongue Teaching
type: item
description: This article analyzes the modern educational models used in the process of mother tongue teaching, their theoretical foundations, and their practical significance. It also addresses issues of developing learners’ speech and linguistic competencies through a competency-based approach, interactive methods, digital technologies, and innovative pedagogical techniques. The research findings demonstrate that modern models play an important role in improving the quality of mother tongue education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: mother tongue education
  topic: keywords
subject: modern educational models
  topic: keywords
subject: competency-based approach
  topic: keywords
subject: interactive methods
  topic: keywords
subject: digital technologies
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical innovations
  topic: keywords
subject: linguistic competence
  topic: keywords
subject: communicative competence
  topic: keywords
creator: Uzoqova Maftuna Abdirazzoqovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-22
publication date: 2026-06-22
starting page: 203
ending page: 206

The Importance of Early Notification in Ensuring Timely Response to Fires
type: item
description: Rapid response to fire incidents is one of the most critical factors in reducing casualties, property losses, and environmental damage. Early notification systems play a vital role in detecting fires at their initial stages and promptly informing emergency services. This study examines the significance of early fire notification in improving response times and enhancing the effectiveness of firefighting operations. The research analyzes the impact of modern fire detection technologies, communication systems, and emergency dispatch mechanisms on fire management. The findings indicate that timely notification significantly reduces fire spread, improves evacuation efficiency, and minimizes economic losses. The study highlights the necessity of integrating advanced monitoring and alert systems into fire safety strategies to strengthen public safety and emergency preparedness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: fire safety
  topic: keywords
subject: early notification
  topic: keywords
subject: emergency response
  topic: keywords
subject: fire detection
  topic: keywords
subject: firefighting operations
  topic: keywords
subject: evacuation
  topic: keywords
subject: risk reduction
  topic: keywords
creator: Javliyev Asomiddin Elmirzaevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-16
publication date: 2026-05-16
starting page: 188
ending page: 193

The Use of Phytonyms in Figurative Meaning in Karakalpak Folklore
type: item
description: This article investigates the figurative (non-literal) use of phytonyms — plant-name lexemes — in Karakalpak oral folklore, drawing on the hundred-volume academic edition of Karakalpak Folklore (Qaraqalpaq fol'klorı) published by the “Ilim” Publishing House in Nukus. Four folklore genres are examined comparatively: proverbs and sayings (naqıl-maqallar), heroic epics (dastans), riddles (jumbaqlar), and tongue-twisters (jańıltpashlar). The analysis shows that phytonyms are not distributed evenly across genres, nor do they perform the same function in each. In proverbs, phytonyms function as auxiliary semantic carriers of metaphorical judgment about human character and social life rather than as autonomous images. In epic poetry, the lexeme “gúl” (“flower”) accumulates a wide emotional register — beauty, youth, transience, sorrow — frequently activated through contrastive juxtaposition. In riddles, phytonyms are shown to perform two distinct and previously under-differentiated functions: as descriptive vehicles that characterize a hidden referent, and as the hidden referents themselves. In tongue-twisters, the selection of phytonyms is governed primarily by phonetic rather than semantic criteria, serving alliteration and assonance. Comparative attention is also given to the role of cultivated-plant phytonyms (cotton, pumpkin, melon, wheat) as evidence of the historical centrality of agriculture and horticulture in Karakalpak material culture. The findings extend and corroborate the broader Turkic-area scholarship on plant-name lexis (Nematova 1998; Otemisov 2020) by grounding it in a systematic, genre-differentiated folklore corpus, and they offer a model for comparable studies of phytonyms in other folklore traditions of the region.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: phytonym
  topic: keywords
subject: linguistic analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: lexicon
  topic: keywords
subject: semantics
  topic: keywords
subject: extralinguistics
  topic: keywords
subject: folklore
  topic: keywords
subject: figurative meaning
  topic: keywords
subject: proverb
  topic: keywords
subject: riddle
  topic: keywords
subject: tongue-twister
  topic: keywords
subject: epic (dastan)
  topic: keywords
creator: Rametova Dilara Yusupbaevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-06-21
publication date: 2026-06-21
starting page: 189
ending page: 202

Digital Pedagogies for Enhancing Entrepreneurship Education in Business Classrooms in Universities in Rivers State
type: item
description: This study examines digital pedagogies for enhancing entrepreneurship education in business classrooms in universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study assessed the utilization of digital pedagogies in teaching entrepreneurship education and determine their influence on students’ entrepreneurial skill acquisition. Two research questions and two corresponding null hypotheses guided the study. The study was anchored on Human Capital Theory and Experiential Learning Theory. A descriptive correlational survey research design was adopted. The population comprised 1,298 respondents, consisting of 78 business education lecturers and 1,220 final-year business education students in Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, from which a sample of 297 respondents was drawn using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination formula and proportionate sampling technique. Data were collected using a researcher-developed instrument titled Digital Pedagogy and Entrepreneurship Education Questionnaire (DPEEQ). The instrument was subjected to face and content validation by experts, while its reliability was established using the Cronbach Alpha method, which yielded a coefficient of 0.89 for the study. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions and z-test to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that digital pedagogies were moderately utilized in teaching entrepreneurship education, but they had a significant positive influence on students’ entrepreneurial skill acquisition. The study concluded that effective integration of digital pedagogies can substantially improve entrepreneurship education outcomes. It was recommended that universities strengthen digital infrastructure, train lecturers in digital teaching practices, and integrate more experiential digital tools into entrepreneurship instruction.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digital Pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: Entrepreneurship Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition
  topic: keywords
subject: Business Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Moses, Promise Zachariah Olilanya (PhD)
creator: Ile, Victor Chinedu (PhD)
creator: Pyagbara, Nancy Ateeje (PhD)
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-21
publication date: 2026-06-21
starting page: 201
ending page: 215

Linguocultural Aspects of Discursive-Pragmatic Transformations in the Translation of Metaphors in English Literary Texts
type: item
description: Metaphors play a crucial role in literary discourse by conveying artistic, cognitive, and cultural meanings. Their translation is often challenging because metaphorical expressions are closely connected with the linguistic and cultural background of the source language. This study explores the linguocultural dimensions of discursive-pragmatic transformations used in translating metaphors from English into Uzbek. Using a qualitative comparative approach, the research analyzes metaphorical units found in English literary texts and their Uzbek renderings. The findings show that translators frequently employ adaptation, substitution, preservation, and explicitation strategies to maintain both meaning and communicative effect. The study concludes that effective metaphor translation requires attention not only to linguistic equivalence but also to cultural context and pragmatic function.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: metaphor
  topic: keywords
subject: literary translation
  topic: keywords
subject: linguocultural analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: pragmatics
  topic: keywords
subject: discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: translation strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: English-Uzbek translation
  topic: keywords
creator: Subxonova Nozigul Maqsud qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-19
publication date: 2026-06-19
starting page: 198
ending page: 200

Linguo-Stylistic Possibilities of Synonymic Choice in The Speech of Religious Scholars
type: item
description: The article analyzes the role of synonymic units in refining meaning, expressing respect, adapting speech to the audience and creating euphemistic mitigation in religious discourse. It discusses rows such as prayer-supplication, sin-mistake and died-passed away.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Synonymy
  topic: keywords
subject: Religious Speech
  topic: keywords
subject: Stylistic Choice
  topic: keywords
subject: Euphemism
  topic: keywords
subject: Respect
  topic: keywords
subject: Pragmatics
  topic: keywords
creator: Ikromov Akmal Dehqonovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 188
ending page: 191

The Role of Family–School Cooperation in Enhancing Youth Spiritual and Moral Development
type: item
description: The spiritual and moral development of young people is one of the most significant issues in contemporary society. In an era characterized by rapid technological progress, globalization, and cultural transformation, the formation of ethical values, social responsibility, and positive behavior among youth has become increasingly important. Family and school are the two primary institutions that influence a child's character, worldview, and moral beliefs. Their cooperation plays a crucial role in fostering the spiritual growth of young generations. This article examines the importance of family–school collaboration in enhancing youth spirituality and moral consciousness, analyzes the responsibilities of both institutions, and proposes effective strategies for strengthening their partnership. The study highlights that sustainable cooperation between parents and educators contributes significantly to the formation of morally mature, socially responsible, and intellectually developed individuals.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Youth Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Spirituality
  topic: keywords
subject: Moral Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Family
  topic: keywords
subject: School
  topic: keywords
subject: Cooperation
  topic: keywords
subject: Values
  topic: keywords
subject: Character Formation
  topic: keywords
subject: Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Tukhtayeva Shakhlo Maksutovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-16
publication date: 2026-06-16
starting page: 189
ending page: 193

Digital Skills Acquisition and Business Educators' Job Effectiveness in Public Universities in Rivers and Bayelsa States
type: item
description: This study examined the relationship between digital skill acquisition and Business Educators' job effectiveness in public universities. Specifically, the study investigated the relationship between ICT skill acquisition, video conferencing skill acquisition, and word processing skill acquisition, and their impact on job effectiveness. The study was guided by three research questions, and three null hypotheses tested at a 0.05 level of significance. A correlation survey design was adopted in this study. The population consisted of 72 Business Educators in the aforementioned public universities, and a census sampling of the entire population was used. Data were collected using two structured questionnaires titled “Digital Skill Acquisition Questionnaire (DSAQ) and “Job Effectiveness of Business Educators Questionnaire (JEBEQ)”. The instruments contained a total of 38 items, and which were validated by experts in Business Education. Reliability of the instruments was determined using the Cronbach Alpha method, yielding coefficients of 0.88, 0.97, 0.95, and 0.98 for ICT skill, video conferencing skill, word processing skill, and job effectiveness respectively, with an overall reliability of 0.95. The instruments were administered with the assistance of one research assistant, and all 72 copies were returned and used for analysis. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to answer the research questions and test the null hypotheses. Findings revealed a very strong positive relationship between ICT skill video conferencing skill and word processing skill acquisition respectively and Business Educators’ job effectiveness, indicating that proficiency in ICT tools significantly enhances teaching and administrative performance. Video conferencing skills were also strongly related to job effectiveness, suggesting that virtual communication tools improve collaboration and instructional delivery. Word processing skills demonstrated a very strong relationship,…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digital Skill Acquisition
  topic: keywords
subject: Business Educators
  topic: keywords
subject: Job Effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Universities
  topic: keywords
subject: Rivers and Bayelsa States
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr Fortune Omasirichi Sam-Eleyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-06-15
publication date: 2026-06-15
starting page: 178
ending page: 188

Typological Features of Artistic Speechforms in The Prose of Kuchqor Norkobul and Remark
type: item
description: This article analyzes the typological features of artistic speech forms in contemporary Uzbek prose, using the works of Qo‘chqor Norqobil and “Remark” as examples. The study examines structural and functional aspects of narrative expression such as authorial speech, character speech, interior monologue, dialogue, and free indirect discourse. In addition, a comparative analysis of the narrative strategies of both writers is conducted, revealing their realist and modernist tendencies. The results show that psychological realism dominates in the prose of Qo‘chqor Norqobil, whereas modernist and polyphonic forms of expression prevail in the works of “Remark”.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artistic Speech
  topic: keywords
subject: Typology
  topic: keywords
subject: Prose
  topic: keywords
subject: Authorial Speech
  topic: keywords
subject: Interior Monologue
  topic: keywords
subject: Dialogue
  topic: keywords
subject: Polyphony
  topic: keywords
subject: Qo‘chqor Norqobil
  topic: keywords
subject: Remark
  topic: keywords
subject: Stylistics
  topic: keywords
creator: Kadirov Ahror Bahodirjon o‘g‘li
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-15
publication date: 2026-06-15
starting page: 174
ending page: 177

The Role Of Corrective Feedback In Second Language Acquisition: A Classroom Observation Study Of Beginner Efl Learners
type: item
description: This classroom-based action research aims to investigate the efficacy of oral corrective feedback (CF) strategies among young, elementary-level students, who are learning English as a foreign language (EFL) in Uzbekistan. The study was conducted over twelve lessons in a private language course with 15 primary school students aged 9–11. Observational discourse analysis was used to examine students’ immediate responses (uptake) and successful self-correction to different types of feedback provided by the teacher. According to the results there were clear differences between output-promoting and input-promoting strategies. While indirect recasts gave low levels of successful repair results, explicit output-promoting strategies significantly improved students’ successful repair rates. Clarification requests, elicitation, and metalinguistic feedback emerged as the most successful ways. Findings show that these strategies encourage students to not only comprehend the meaning, but also actively pay attention to the grammatical forms and help them remember and apply their existing linguistic knowledge in practice. The study provides practical recommendations for EFL education in Uzbekistan, emphasizing the importance of specific and targeted feedback strategies in developing students’ self-correction and reducing the risk of developing long-term language errors.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Oral Corrective Feedback
  topic: keywords
subject: Learner Uptake
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Repair
  topic: keywords
subject: Recasts
  topic: keywords
subject: Elicitation
  topic: keywords
subject: Metalinguistic feedback
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbekistan education
  topic: keywords
creator: Dilnoza Jabborova Jobir qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-14
publication date: 2026-06-14
starting page: 166
ending page: 173

The Translator's Linguistic Identity in Cross-Cultural Literary Transfer: Author–Image–Translator Triad in Uzbek–Russian and Uzbek–English Translations
type: item
description: Literary translation requires negotiation not only between languages but between three distinct linguistic identities: the source author, the fictional characters or images constructed within the text, and the translator. This article proposes the Author–Image–Translator (AIT) triad as an analytical framework for studying how translators reproduce, transform, or suppress the linguistic identities encoded in source literary texts. Applying the framework to Uzbek–Russian and Uzbek–English literary translation, we demonstrate that translators' socio-cultural embeddedness, idiolectal preferences, and cognitive access to source-culture schemas are decisive factors in the preservation of the national character image across translation boundaries. We further argue that gender, ideological context, and creative competence are underexplored dimensions of translator linguistic identity that systematically shape translation output. The AIT framework offers a productive theoretical synthesis of cognitive translation studies, pragmatics, and cultural linguistics for the analysis of cross-cultural literary transfer.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: translator linguistic identity
  topic: keywords
subject: author–image–translator triad
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbek literary translation
  topic: keywords
subject: idiolect in translation
  topic: keywords
subject: cognitive pragmatics
  topic: keywords
subject: national character
  topic: keywords
subject: cross-cultural transfer
  topic: keywords
creator: Temirova Nigina Alisher qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-14
publication date: 2026-06-14
starting page: 161
ending page: 165

Assessing Language Competence in Adaptive AI Learning
type: item
description: This article examines outlines an integrated model and foundational principles for the responsible implementation of adaptive artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education language proficiency assessment. It addresses critical ethical and practical challenges, focusing on fairness, accountability, validity, and reliability. The text warns against "metric dominance" and unintended biases caused by continuous algorithmic adjustments. To counter this, it proposes a dual-control architecture where pedagogical principles and human oversight govern automated processes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Adaptive artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: language proficiency assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: higher education
  topic: keywords
subject: fairness
  topic: keywords
subject: accountability
  topic: keywords
subject: validity
  topic: keywords
subject: hybrid assessment models
  topic: keywords
subject: dual-control architecture
  topic: keywords
creator: Karimova Diyora Abduvaxidovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 157
ending page: 160

Pragmatic and Sociolinguistic Features of Hybrid Verbs in Instagram Youth Discourse
type: item
description: The rise of hybrid verbs in Uzbek Instagram discourse reflects increasing language contact between English and Uzbek in digital youth culture. The study documents, categorizes, and examines the structural patterns and pragmatic functions of 50 naturally occurring hybrid verbal constructions from publicly accessible Uzbek-language Instagram content. A qualitative-descriptive corpus analysis was conducted, categorizing each item for morphological structure, social distribution, and communicative function. The analytical framework integrates Yus's internet pragmatics model, Satimova's neologism typology, and sociolinguistic identity theory. Three main structural patterns were identified: 1. English noun/verb stem + qilmoq, 2. English root + Uzbek -la verbalizer, 3. English idiom + Uzbek state verb. Each pattern serves distinct pragmatic functions including linguistic economy, identity signaling, semantic specialization, and multimodal meaning-making. The findings suggest that hybrid verbs are a grammatically principled and socially meaningful phenomenon driven by communicative efficiency and identity performance, with implications for contact linguistics and digital communication research in multilingual communities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hybrid Verbs
  topic: keywords
subject: Instagram Discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: Sociolinguisttic Identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Code-Mixing
  topic: keywords
subject: Computer-Mediated Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbek Digital Language
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Econom
  topic: keywords
creator: Gulhayo Aslonova Umed qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 152
ending page: 156