American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
type: channel
description: American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769) is an open-access and double-blind peer-reviewed international journal that aims to publish original research articles, case studies, and review papers. Journal is an interdisciplinary forum for researchers that address the intersection of education and STEM learning technologies. It aims to provide implications and scopes to develop and enhance STEM education as well as the uses of technology in education at all levels across the globe. It focuses to deliver perspectives at all levels, from the micro-level of explicit educational methods and tools to be used in the learning management system, educational institutional management method, development, and implementation, curriculum & content development, graduate employability, and quality education, to the macro-level of national policies and implementations; from primary education levels to adults in both territory and vocational education levels in schools, institutions and higher institutions to online, offline and lifelong learning.
publisher: GRN Publishing
language: en
publication name: American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
issn: 2993-2769
items: The Effect of Peer Feedback on Writing Skill Development
items: The Role of Motivation in Second Language Learning Outcomes
items: Theoretical Foundations of Ancient Chinese Lexicography “Shuowen Jiezi” as a Philological and Epistemological Analysis
items: Enhancing Metacognitive Strategies in Flipped Classroom Environments: A Framework for Active Learning and Student Autonomy
items: Effects Methods of Teaching English as a Foreign Language
items: Lexical-Semantic Features of Fisheries Terminology in Linguistics
items: Social Problems of The Era in Elbek’s Short Stories
items: Methodology for Improving Students’ Learning Activities in The Credit-Module System
items: Linguo-Poetic Harmony of Words and Images in The Poetry of Omon Matjon
items: Discourse Analusis and its Cognitive Feratures in Society
items: Using Problem-Based Teaching Technology In Literary Education
items: Uzbek Translation Peculiarities of English Proverbs
items: Lexicology: Russian Words of Turkic Origin
items: Hierarchical-Semantic Nature of the Conceptosphere “Morality”
items: Using Innovative Technologies in Russian Language Lessons
items: Theoretical Basis of Developing Digital Emotional Intelligence
items: Methodological Foundations of Using Steam Technology in Primary Grade Science Classes
items: The Theoretical Foundations of Part–Whole Relations and Their Significance
items: Effects of Manual Communication Method on Listening Proficiency of Students with Hearing Impairment in Special Schools in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
items: The Role of TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) in Preparing Teachers for the Digital Age
items: Toponyms of To‘raqo‘rg‘on District: Linguistic Transformation and Lexical-Semantic Changes (A Diachronic Approach)
items: Physical Coordination Exercises in Students and Their Developmental Characteristics
items: Theoretical And Practical Foundations Of Steam Technology
items: The Linguistic Aspects of the Creator’s Credo in Eastern Literary Studies
items: The Importance Of Realias In Literary Studies And The Difficulties In Translation
items: Ghulam Zafari’s Role in The History of Uzbek Dramaturgy
items: Coastal Erosion and Shoreline Changes along the Bay of Bengal
items: Legal and Organizational Foundations of Environmental Protection
items: Methods of Learning Language Norms and Structures in Language Acquisition
items: Psychological Mechanisms of Professional Motivation and Personal Maturity in the Development of Supervisory Skills

The Effect of Peer Feedback on Writing Skill Development
type: item
description: This study investigates the impact of peer feedback on the development of writing skills in second language learning contexts. Adopting a mixed-method approach, the research combines quantitative assessment of writing performance with qualitative analysis of learner engagement. The statistical results indicate that students participating in structured peer feedback sessions improved their overall writing scores by approximately 20–30%, with the most notable gains observed in coherence, organization, and lexical variation. In contrast, learners exposed only to teacher-centered feedback demonstrated comparatively lower progress, averaging around 10–15% improvement. The findings also reveal a significant increase in revision frequency, suggesting that peer interaction encourages deeper cognitive involvement in the writing process. Beyond measurable outcomes, peer feedback fosters analytical thinking, self-regulation, and audience awareness. The study concludes that when systematically implemented, peer feedback serves as an effective pedagogical tool that enhances both the quality of written output and the learner’s active role in knowledge construction.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Peer Feedback
  topic: keywords
subject: Writing Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Collaborative Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: ESL Writing
  topic: keywords
subject: Revision Process
  topic: keywords
subject: Learner Autonomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Formative Assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Turdimatova Madinakhan Ravshanbek qizi
creator: Qo’ziyeva Yorqinoy To’lqin qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
starting page: 187
ending page: 191

The Role of Motivation in Second Language Learning Outcomes
type: item
description: Motivation is widely recognized as one of the most important factors influencing second language acquisition (SLA). This paper examines the role of motivation in determining learners’ success in acquiring a second language. It focuses on different types of motivation, including intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as well as instrumental and integrative orientations. The study is based on a mixed-method approach involving questionnaires and interviews conducted among university students. The findings reveal that learners with higher intrinsic and integrative motivation tend to achieve better language outcomes and demonstrate greater long-term engagement. The paper concludes that motivation is a dynamic and multifaceted construct that significantly shapes language learning processes and outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Second Language Acquisition
  topic: keywords
subject: Intrinsic Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Extrinsic Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Integrative Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Instrumental Motivation
  topic: keywords
creator: Turdimatova Madinakhan Ravshanbek qizi
creator: Abdukahhorova Nigorakhan Sanjarali qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
starting page: 183
ending page: 186

Theoretical Foundations of Ancient Chinese Lexicography “Shuowen Jiezi” as a Philological and Epistemological Analysis
type: item
description: This study is devoted to the analysis of the Shuowen Jiezi dictionary, a fundamental monument of ancient Chinese lexicography, from philological, structural-semiotic, and epistemological perspectives. The research examines the graphemic structure of Chinese characters, their semantic-phonetic components, and the radical-based classification system. The results demonstrate that the majority of Chinese characters are based on the integration of semantic and phonetic elements and are organized according to consistent structural principles. It was also found that the radical system plays a crucial role in the semantic grouping of characters and serves as a key factor in determining their semantic fields. Based on these findings, the Shuowen Jiezi dictionary can be interpreted not only as a lexicographic source but also as a conceptual system that organizes knowledge through the Chinese writing system.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chinese language
  topic: keywords
subject: Chinese characters
  topic: keywords
subject: lexicography
  topic: keywords
subject: Shuowen Jiezi
  topic: keywords
subject: graphemic analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: semantic component
  topic: keywords
subject: phonetic component
  topic: keywords
subject: radical system
  topic: keywords
subject: etymology
  topic: keywords
subject: semiotics
  topic: keywords
subject: epistemology
  topic: keywords
subject: ancient Chinese linguistics
  topic: keywords
creator: Rametova Dilara Yusupbaevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-18
publication date: 2026-04-18
starting page: 178
ending page: 182

Enhancing Metacognitive Strategies in Flipped Classroom Environments: A Framework for Active Learning and Student Autonomy
type: item
description: The flipped classroom model has gained considerable attention as a pedagogical approach that reverses traditional instruction by delivering content outside class time and dedicating in-class sessions to active learning. However, the success of this model depends significantly on students’ metacognitive abilities—their awareness and regulation of their own learning processes. This study presents a comprehensive framework for integrating metacognitive strategies into flipped classroom environments to enhance student autonomy, engagement, and learning outcomes. Drawing on current pedagogical research and empirical evidence, we propose a structured approach that combines pre-class metacognitive scaffolding, in-class collaborative reflection, and post-class self-assessment. Our analysis reveals that explicit metacognitive instruction within the flipped classroom context significantly improves students’ self-regulated learning skills, critical thinking abilities, and academic performance. The findings suggest that educators should deliberately design flipped classroom activities that prompt metacognitive awareness, provide tools for learning strategy selection, and create opportunities for reflective practice. This framework offers practical implications for instructors seeking to maximize the pedagogical potential of flipped classrooms while developing students’ lifelong learning capabilities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: flipped classroom
  topic: keywords
subject: metacognition
  topic: keywords
subject: self-regulated learning
  topic: keywords
subject: active learning
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical framework
  topic: keywords
subject: student autonomy
  topic: keywords
creator: Kazakova Dilora Gaffarovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-17
publication date: 2026-04-17
starting page: 171
ending page: 177

Effects Methods of Teaching English as a Foreign Language
type: item
description: This article examines the effectiveness of various methods used in teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and their impact on learners’ linguistic competence, motivation, and overall communicative ability. In the context of globalization and increasing demand for English proficiency, selecting appropriate teaching methodologies has become a crucial factor in achieving successful learning outcomes. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of both traditional and modern approaches, including the Grammar-Translation Method, Direct Method, Audio-Lingual Method, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), and the Flipped Classroom model. The research aims to identify which methods are most effective in developing the four key language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Special attention is given to learner-centered approaches that emphasize interaction, real-life communication, and critical thinking. The article highlights that while traditional methods contribute to the development of grammatical accuracy and reading skills, modern communicative approaches are more effective in enhancing fluency, confidence, and practical language use. Furthermore, the study explores the role of innovative technologies in EFL instruction, such as multimedia tools, online platforms, and digital learning environments. These tools are shown to increase student engagement, provide flexible learning opportunities, and support differentiated instruction based on individual learner needs. The integration of technology with interactive teaching strategies creates a more dynamic and effective learning process. The findings of the article suggest that no single method can fully address all aspects of language learning. Instead, a combination of methods—often referred to as an eclectic approach—yields the best results. Teachers are encouraged to adapt their teaching strategies according to students’ proficiency levels, learning styles, and e…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
  topic: keywords
subject: Teaching Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
  topic: keywords
subject: Task-Based Learning (TBLT)
  topic: keywords
subject: Flipped Classroom
  topic: keywords
subject: Language Skills
  topic: keywords
subject: Learner-Centered Approach
  topic: keywords
subject: Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Technologies
  topic: keywords
subject: Language Acquisition
  topic: keywords
subject: Classroom Interaction
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdurashid Babayev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-17
publication date: 2026-04-17
starting page: 166
ending page: 170

Lexical-Semantic Features of Fisheries Terminology in Linguistics
type: item
description: This article examines the lexical-semantic features of fisheries terminology from a linguistic perspective. The study focuses on the structure, meaning, and classification of terms used in the field of fisheries. It analyzes the processes of term formation, including derivation, compounding, borrowing, and semantic change. The research also explores semantic relations such as synonymy, polysemy, and homonymy within fisheries terminology. Special attention is given to the role of borrowed terms and their impact on the development of the terminology system. Furthermore, the functional usage of fisheries terms in professional and scientific discourse is discussed. The findings indicate that fisheries terminology is a dynamic and systematically organized subsystem of language that reflects both linguistic processes and developments in the field. The study contributes to a better understanding of specialized vocabulary and its role in effective communication.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fisheries Terminology
  topic: keywords
subject: Lexical Semantics
  topic: keywords
subject: Term Formation
  topic: keywords
subject: Aquaculture
  topic: keywords
subject: Borrowing
  topic: keywords
subject: Synonymy
  topic: keywords
subject: Polysemy
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Tangrikulova Karomat Saitovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-16
publication date: 2026-04-16
starting page: 162
ending page: 165

Social Problems of The Era in Elbek’s Short Stories
type: item
description: The article analyzes the short stories of Mashriq Yunusov (Elbek), one of the most prominent representatives of early 20th-century Uzbek Jadid literature, from thematic and ideological perspectives. Although Elbek was primarily a poet, publicist, and educator, his stories reflect a number of pressing issues of that period. Through their study, it is also possible to identify the distinctive features of Jadid short story writing. The article reveals when and in which publications these stories were published, as well as their ideological and artistic aspects. In particular, special attention is paid to the writer’s stories such as “Fohisha,” “Jadid Qoravoy,” “Kuzatishda,” “Ona,” and “Kelgusining quyoshi.”
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Elbek
  topic: keywords
subject: Story
  topic: keywords
subject: Jadid
  topic: keywords
subject: Fitrat
  topic: keywords
subject: Image
  topic: keywords
subject: Theme
  topic: keywords
subject: Style
  topic: keywords
subject: Motif
  topic: keywords
subject: Journal
  topic: keywords
subject: Episode
  topic: keywords
subject: Time and Space
  topic: keywords
creator: Bekzod Ibragimov Jovlievich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-16
publication date: 2026-04-16
starting page: 155
ending page: 161

Methodology for Improving Students’ Learning Activities in The Credit-Module System
type: item
description: [1] R. E. Mayer, Multimedia Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. [2] A. W. Bates, Teaching in a Digital Age. Vancouver: BCcampus, 2022. [3] C. Hodges, S. Moore, B. Lockee, T. Trust, and A. Bond, “The Difference Between Emergency Remote Teaching and Online Learning,” EDUCAUSE Review, 2020. [4] F. Darby and J. M. Lang, Small Teaching Online. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2021. [5] L. B. Nilson and L. A. Goodson, Online Teaching at Its Best. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2021. [6] A. Bozkurt and R. C. Sharma, “Emergency Remote Teaching in a Time of Global Crisis,” Asian Journal of Distance Education, 2020. [7] G. Salmon, E-Moderating: The Key to Online Teaching and Learning. New York: Routledge, 2020. [8] W. Holmes, M. Bialik, and C. Fadel, Artificial Intelligence in Education. Boston: Center for Curriculum Redesign, 2020. [9] J. Yo‘ldoshev, Innovative Pedagogical Technologies in Education. Tashkent: Teacher, 2021. [10] M. Usmonboyeva, Modern Educational Technologies. Tashkent: Fan va texnologiya, 2022. [11] N. A. Muslimov, Professional Education Pedagogy. Tashkent: Fan, 2022. [12] B. Qodirov, Interactive Methods in Education. Tashkent: Iqtisodiyot, 2021. [13] R. E. Mayer, Multimedia Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. [14] A. W. Bates, Teaching in a Digital Age. Vancouver: BCcampus, 2022. [15] C. Hodges, S. Moore, B. Lockee, T. Trust, and A. Bond, “The Difference Between Emergency Remote Teaching and Online Learning,” EDUCAUSE Review, 2020.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Credit-Module System
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: Learning Activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Independent Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Interactive Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: Didactics
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Assessment System
  topic: keywords
subject: Competency-Based Approach
  topic: keywords
subject: Individual Learning Trajectory
  topic: keywords
creator: Ashurova Nasiba Muhammadiyevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-16
publication date: 2026-04-16
starting page: 150
ending page: 154

Linguo-Poetic Harmony of Words and Images in The Poetry of Omon Matjon
type: item
description: This article systematically investigates the linguo-poetic harmony of words and images in the poetry of Omon Matjon. The study analyzes the poet’s choice of words, use of metaphors and similes, phonetic devices, and their artistic, symbolic, and philosophical functions. The results demonstrate that Matjon’s poems form a complex poetic system through the integration of language, sound, and imagery, producing aesthetic and emotional effects on the reader. Furthermore, the combination of colloquial simplicity with modern philosophical reflection enriches the poet’s work both artistically and philosophically.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Poetry
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguo-Poetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Word-Image Harmony
  topic: keywords
subject: Metaphor
  topic: keywords
subject: Phonetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Symbolic Imagery
  topic: keywords
subject: Artistic Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Philosophical Reflection
  topic: keywords
subject: Aesthetic Effect
  topic: keywords
creator: Nizomova Shokhista Shodiyevna
creator: Ikromova Gullola Ilyos kizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-16
publication date: 2026-04-16
starting page: 147
ending page: 149

Discourse Analusis and its Cognitive Feratures in Society
type: item
description: This article explores the intersection of discourse analysis and cognitive science, focusing on how language use in social contexts reflects and shapes human thought processes. Discourse analysis examines language beyond the sentence level, while cognitive features include mental models, framing, metaphor, presupposition, memory schemas, and social categorization. The article argues that understanding cognitive features of discourse is essential for analyzing how ideologies spread, how power is maintained, and how collective beliefs are formed in society. Real-world examples from politics, media, education, and law are provided, along with methodological recommendations and discussion of challenges.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Discourse Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Features
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Cognition
  topic: keywords
subject: Framing
  topic: keywords
subject: Metaphor
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Ideology
  topic: keywords
subject: Critical Discourse Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Artikov Azamatjon Xolmurodovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-16
publication date: 2026-04-16
starting page: 142
ending page: 146

Using Problem-Based Teaching Technology In Literary Education
type: item
description: This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of using problem-based learning in elementary school. Lessons focus on developing students' intellect through the use of problem-based learning techniques in literary education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: problem
  topic: keywords
subject: problem-based learning
  topic: keywords
subject: reading lessons
  topic: keywords
subject: analytical and creative thinking
  topic: keywords
creator: Iskandarova Alima Abduraxmanovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
starting page: 137
ending page: 141

Uzbek Translation Peculiarities of English Proverbs
type: item
description: This article analyzes the challenges of translating English proverbs into Uzbek and examines effective strategies for preserving their meaning and cultural value. The study focuses on the semantic, cultural, and stylistic features of proverbs that complicate direct translation. Several English proverbs are analyzed together with their Uzbek equivalents to demonstrate how different translation methods can be applied. The paper also discusses approaches such as equivalent translation, descriptive translation, and cultural adaptation to achieve semantic accuracy and natural expression in the target language.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: proverbs
  topic: keywords
subject: implicit meaning
  topic: keywords
subject: figurative meaning
  topic: keywords
subject: ambiguity
  topic: keywords
subject: literal translation
  topic: keywords
subject: equivalents
  topic: keywords
subject: paraphrasing
  topic: keywords
subject: analogy
  topic: keywords
subject: context dependence
  topic: keywords
subject: descriptive translation
  topic: keywords
subject: syntax and word order
  topic: keywords
creator: Bahodir Abdimital ugli Abdirasulov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
starting page: 137
ending page: 141

Lexicology: Russian Words of Turkic Origin
type: item
description: This article examines the characteristics of lexical borrowings from Turkic languages into the Russian language. It explores the historical prerequisites for the emergence of Turkisms, their thematic groups, and the specifics of their functioning in modern Russian. The analysis demonstrates that a significant number of words of Turkic origin have become firmly established in the lexical system of the Russian language and are used in various spheres of communication. Turkic borrowings serve as important evidence of the cultural and historical contacts between Slavic and Turkic peoples.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: lexicology
  topic: keywords
subject: Turkisms
  topic: keywords
subject: French borrowings
  topic: keywords
subject: Russian language
  topic: keywords
subject: language contacts
  topic: keywords
creator: Khurshidbekov Asadbek Khurshidbek Ugli
creator: Omanova Gulnorakhon Shakirjonovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
starting page: 133
ending page: 136

Hierarchical-Semantic Nature of the Conceptosphere “Morality”
type: item
description: This article reflects the hierarchical-semantic approach to the arrangement of units in the concept sphere by the level of generalization, as well as how the content of "morality" is systematized through relationships such as hyperonymy-hyponymy, synonymy, antonymy, and meronymy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: Attitude
  topic: keywords
subject: Sema
  topic: keywords
subject: Content
  topic: keywords
subject: Norm
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Conceptosphere
  topic: keywords
subject: Field
  topic: keywords
subject: Modeling
  topic: keywords
creator: Sh. Bobojonova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
starting page: 127
ending page: 132

Using Innovative Technologies in Russian Language Lessons
type: item
description: This article examines the role and effectiveness of innovative technologies, particularly information and communication technologies (ICT), in teaching the Russian language in primary school. The study aims to explore how modern pedagogical approaches contribute to the development of students’ cognitive abilities, speech competence, and overall personality formation. The research is based on a systematic analysis of contemporary educational practices, integrating theoretical perspectives with practical classroom experience. Special attention is given to such innovative approaches as project-based learning, collaborative learning, problem-based learning, and the use of digital and internet resources. These methods are considered as key tools for increasing students’ motivation, enhancing engagement, and supporting individualized learning processes. The article also highlights the importance of adapting teaching strategies to the psychophysiological characteristics of learners, especially for children experiencing speech and learning difficulties. The findings demonstrate that the integration of ICT into Russian language lessons significantly improves students’ academic performance, promotes independent thinking, and develops essential communicative competencies. The use of multimedia tools, interactive exercises, and electronic educational resources allows teachers to shift from traditional explanatory methods to activity-based and student-centered learning models. As a result, students become more active participants in the educational process, showing increased interest and improved learning outcomes. Furthermore, the study reveals that innovative technologies facilitate differentiated instruction, enable continuous assessment, and create a psychologically comfortable learning environment. The practical significance of the research lies in providing effective methodological recommendations for teachers aimed at optimizing the teaching process in primary education. …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: innovative technologies
  topic: keywords
subject: speech
  topic: keywords
subject: computer
  topic: keywords
subject: internet resources
  topic: keywords
subject: project-based learning
  topic: keywords
subject: collaborative learning
  topic: keywords
subject: and play-based learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Berdiyeva Nafisa Abdumalikovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 121
ending page: 126

Theoretical Basis of Developing Digital Emotional Intelligence
type: item
description: This scientific article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the development of digital emotional intelligence. It examines how the classical components of emotional intelligence - self-awareness, self-management, motivation, empathy and social skills - are formed and developed in the digital environment. It also highlights psychological and pedagogical approaches to the development of emotional intelligence through digital technologies, educational platforms and virtual communication tools. The results of the study serve as a theoretical basis for the formation of social adaptation, emotional stability and effective communication skills of a person in the digital environment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Emotional Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Psychology
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Communication
  topic: keywords
creator: Urinova Yulduz Tursunniyozovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 115
ending page: 120

Methodological Foundations of Using Steam Technology in Primary Grade Science Classes
type: item
description: This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of using STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) technology in primary school natural science lessons. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to strengthen interdisciplinary integration in modern education and the formation of practical skills in students. The article highlights the stages of organizing lessons based on the theory of constructivism and the 5E model.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: STEAM Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Natural Science
  topic: keywords
subject: Integration
  topic: keywords
subject: Project Work
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Development
  topic: keywords
subject: 5E Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Practical Skills
  topic: keywords
creator: Khayitova Nigora Normamatovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-12
publication date: 2026-04-12
starting page: 112
ending page: 114

The Theoretical Foundations of Part–Whole Relations and Their Significance
type: item
description: This article examines the theoretical foundations of part–whole relations within the frameworks of formal mereology and linguistic meronymy. Particular attention is given to the logical properties of part–whole relations, including transitivity, asymmetry, and hierarchical organization. The study also analyzes structural and functional criteria that distinguish genuine parts from arbitrary fragments. By comparing formal logical approaches with cognitive and linguistic perspectives, the research demonstrates that human conceptualization plays a crucial role in interpreting part–whole relations. The findings suggest that although formal mereological models provide logical precision, they cannot fully capture the complexity of human cognitive processes. Therefore, an integrated approach combining formal and cognitive perspectives is essential for understanding part–whole structures in language, knowledge organization, and ontology design.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Part–Whole Relations
  topic: keywords
subject: Mereology
  topic: keywords
subject: Meronymy
  topic: keywords
subject: Partonomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Transitivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Semantic Structure
  topic: keywords
creator: Haydarov Anvar Askarovich
creator: Shamsullayeva Dildora Sunnatullo qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-11
publication date: 2026-04-11
starting page: 108
ending page: 111

Effects of Manual Communication Method on Listening Proficiency of Students with Hearing Impairment in Special Schools in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Listening proficiency is a foundational skill that underpins academic success, yet for students with hearing impairment, the development of this skill is heavily dependent on the communication methods employed in the classroom. This study investigated the effects of the manual communication method on the listening proficiency of students with hearing impairment in special schools in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The study adopted a quasi-experimental. The entire population was 57 students with hearing impairment from the two schools. Simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the participants. Participants from Government Comprehensive Special School, Lafia (n=15) formed the experimental group which received instruction using the manual communication method incorporating sign language, fingerspelling, gestures and visual cues and Dunama Special School as control group (n=14) which received instruction using the oral communication method emphasizing speech and lip reading. Listening proficiency was measured using a validated 100-mark Listening Proficiency Assessment Tool which yielded a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.82. Pre-test and post-test scores were analyzed using independent samples t-tests and two-way analysis of variance. Results revealed a statistically significant difference in post-test scores: the experimental group (M = 72.40, SD = 8.30) outperformed the control group (M = 58.20, SD = 7.90) with t(27) = 4.68, p < .001, indicating a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.76). Age of onset of hearing loss and parental communication mode were found to influence the effectiveness of the communication methods. The findings demonstrated that the manual communication method significantly enhances listening proficiency among students with hearing impairment. The study recommended that special schools adopt manual communication as a primary instructional method and that teacher training programmes integrate comprehensive manual …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Manual Communication Method
  topic: keywords
subject: Listening Proficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Hearing Impairment
  topic: keywords
subject: Special Schools
  topic: keywords
creator: Andrew Yakubu
creator: Terkula Joseph Chia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-11
publication date: 2026-04-11
starting page: 99
ending page: 107

The Role of TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) in Preparing Teachers for the Digital Age
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of digital technologies has transformed educational environments, creating new expectations for teachers to integrate technology meaningfully into teaching and learning. In contemporary classrooms, effective instruction requires more than mastery of subject content and pedagogy; teachers must also understand how digital tools can enhance learning experiences. The Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework provides a comprehensive model that explains how teachers combine technological knowledge, pedagogical strategies, and subject expertise to support effective instruction. This empirical study investigates the role of TPACK in preparing pre-service teachers for digitally mediated classrooms. Using a mixed-methods research design, data were collected from 238 pre-service teachers across three Universities in north central Nigeria. Quantitative data were obtained through structured questionnaire measuring technology integration self-efficacy, while qualitative insights were gathered from reflective journals and focus group discussions. The findings indicate that structured TPACK-based coursework significantly predicts pre-service teachers’ confidence in integrating technology into classroom instruction. Participants who engaged in collaborative lesson design, reflective practice, and scaffolded field experience demonstrated stronger understanding of how technology supports pedagogy and content delivery. The study concludes that teacher education programme must embed TPACK systematically within curricula. Integrating technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge across training programmes can better prepare future teachers to navigate and teach effectively in increasingly digital learning environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)
  topic: keywords
subject: Pre-service Teacher Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology Integration in Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Learning Environments
  topic: keywords
creator: Ruth Asemota
creator: Edinoh Kingsley
creator: Wakili Hussaina Kyaune
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-11
publication date: 2026-04-11
starting page: 85
ending page: 98

Toponyms of To‘raqo‘rg‘on District: Linguistic Transformation and Lexical-Semantic Changes (A Diachronic Approach)
type: item
description: This article analyzes the historical development, linguistic transformation, and lexical-semantic changes of toponyms found in To‘raqo‘rg‘on district of Namangan region based on a diachronic approach. The study examines the formation of place names, their evolution from ancient layers to modern forms, as well as semantic shifts influenced by social, cultural, and historical factors. It also explores phonetic, morphological, and semantic mechanisms of toponymic change and determines their role in the linguistic and cultural system of the region. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the historical-linguistic layers and etymological features of To‘raqo‘rg‘on toponymy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: toponym
  topic: keywords
subject: diachronic approach
  topic: keywords
subject: linguistic transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: lexical-semantic change
  topic: keywords
subject: etymology
  topic: keywords
subject: microtoponymy
  topic: keywords
subject: Namangan
  topic: keywords
subject: To‘raqo‘rg‘on
  topic: keywords
subject: place names
  topic: keywords
subject: linguoculturology
  topic: keywords
creator: Tojiboyeva Xurshida Sodiqjonovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 85
ending page: 88

Physical Coordination Exercises in Students and Their Developmental Characteristics
type: item
description: This article highlights the importance of physical education in human health. It is shown that physical coordination exercises develop the physical qualities of the body, including strength, speed, endurance and agility, as well as mental qualities. In addition, the positive effect of physical coordination exercises on the functioning of the cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems, as well as their role in strengthening immunity, is analyzed. The importance of proper breathing, stretching, rest and healthy eating is also emphasized.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: neuroendocrine
  topic: keywords
subject: cardiovascular
  topic: keywords
subject: hygiene
  topic: keywords
subject: tissue
  topic: keywords
subject: lymphocyte
  topic: keywords
subject: diaphragm
  topic: keywords
subject: acrobatics
  topic: keywords
subject: physical qualities
  topic: keywords
subject: coordination
  topic: keywords
creator: Beknazarova Lobar Shokir qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 81
ending page: 84

Theoretical And Practical Foundations Of Steam Technology
type: item
description: This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of STEAM technology. STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, Mathematics) as an integrated approach is aimed at harmonizing practical activities with theoretical knowledge in the educational process. The article reveals its theoretical foundations in areas such as interdisciplinary integration, project approach, research — based teaching; and its practical aspects — the development of creativity in students, problem solving, experimentation, and the formation of practical skills through project implementation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: engineering
  topic: keywords
subject: integration
  topic: keywords
subject: science
  topic: keywords
subject: STEAM
  topic: keywords
subject: STEM
  topic: keywords
subject: technology
  topic: keywords
creator: Azizova Dilnoz Yuldashevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 81
ending page: 84

The Linguistic Aspects of the Creator’s Credo in Eastern Literary Studies
type: item
description: This article examines the linguistic and philosophical foundations of the "creator’s credo" in Eastern literary traditions. Contrasting with Western individualism, it explores how Persian, East Asian, and Slavic literatures utilize paradox, silence, and polyphony to encode a worldview of self-transcendence. By analyzing specific linguistic markers—such as the "cutting word" in Haiku and "dialogism" in the Russian novel—the study concludes that the Eastern credo functions as a ritualistic alignment with cosmic and communal order.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Eastern Literary Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Creator’s Credo
  topic: keywords
subject: Sufism
  topic: keywords
subject: Zen Poetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Sobornost
  topic: keywords
subject: Polyphony
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Architecture
  topic: keywords
creator: Yakhshieva Zebo Rashidovna
creator: Oltiyeva Sojida Rustamovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 77
ending page: 80

The Importance Of Realias In Literary Studies And The Difficulties In Translation
type: item
description: The article discusses the importance of realities in literary works and their correct classification in the translation process. In literary studies, reality also means that it reflects cultural elements specific to a particular nation or language. These elements include material objects, customs, traditions, and social lifestyles, and are unfamiliar or unique to another nation or language. Giving reality the intended translation in the original text creates difficulties for translators, such as preserving the originality of the original text. It is noted that the study of realities and expanding the scope of related research is of particular importance in studying the internal developmental characteristics of a particular language and in broadly highlighting differences between cultures.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: interpretation
  topic: keywords
subject: literary
  topic: keywords
subject: literary text
  topic: keywords
subject: source text
  topic: keywords
subject: national realia
  topic: keywords
subject: translation strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: equivalent
  topic: keywords
subject: literary translation
  topic: keywords
creator: Nematova Surayyo Faxriddin qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 73
ending page: 76

Ghulam Zafari’s Role in The History of Uzbek Dramaturgy
type: item
description: Ghulam Zafari is one of the most important figures in Uzbek modern literature. A poet, dramatist, folklorist and musicologist, his diverse creative output made a significant contribution to twentieth-century Uzbek culture. Zafari is also considered the founder of Uzbek children's drama, having written the first Uzbek musical drama. This played a crucial role in enriching the country's theatrical art and introducing new artistic forms to Uzbek literature. His play Halima was very popular among the Uzbek people in the 1920s and 1930s, attracting large audiences and gaining recognition for its artistic expressiveness and social significance. Prominent figures in Uzbek literature, including Fitrat, Cholpon and Abdulla Qadiri, as well as Russian art critics B. Pestovsky and V. Ouspensky, praised this work, emphasising its significance in the evolution of modern Uzbek dramaturgy and its impact on subsequent literary developments. In the twentieth century, Ghulam Zafari left a significant legacy in Uzbek culture, contributing to literature, folklore studies, musicology and the broader cultural sphere. His works reflect the socio-cultural environment of his time, demonstrating a deep connection with national traditions and values. This article provides a brief analysis of Zafari's life and masterpieces, based on archival research into newspapers published at the beginning of the 20th century. It offers valuable insights into his creative legacy and historical significance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ghulam Zafari
  topic: keywords
subject: Theatre
  topic: keywords
subject: Play
  topic: keywords
subject: Literature
  topic: keywords
subject: Halima
  topic: keywords
creator: Usmanov Olim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-08
publication date: 2026-04-08
starting page: 67
ending page: 72

Coastal Erosion and Shoreline Changes along the Bay of Bengal
type: item
description: The Bay of Bengal coastline represents one of the most dynamic and vulnerable coastal systems in the world, shaped by complex interactions between natural processes and anthropogenic interventions. This study examines the patterns, causes, and consequences of coastal erosion and shoreline changes along the eastern coast of India, with particular reference to West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Coastal erosion in this region is driven by a combination of wave action, tidal currents, cyclonic storms, sediment supply variations, and sea-level rise. Human activities such as dam construction, port development, sand mining, and urban expansion further exacerbate shoreline instability. The research highlights spatial variations in erosion and accretion, emphasizing critically affected zones such as the Sundarbans, Digha coast, Paradip, and the Krishna–Godavari delta. Environmental and socio-economic impacts include land loss, habitat degradation, salinization, and displacement of coastal communities. The study also evaluates mitigation strategies such as coastal zone management, mangrove restoration, and engineering interventions. It concludes by advocating an integrated and sustainable approach to coastal management that combines scientific understanding, policy measures, and community participation to enhance resilience against ongoing and future coastal challenges.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Coastal Erosion
  topic: keywords
creator: Sujit Sarkar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-08
publication date: 2026-04-08
starting page: 61
ending page: 66

Legal and Organizational Foundations of Environmental Protection
type: item
description: This article examines the legal and organizational foundations of environmental protection, including state policy, environmental legislation, and issues of international cooperation. It also analyzes the laws adopted in the Republic of Uzbekistan concerning environmental protection, their practical significance, and the role of international conventions in addressing ecological problems. The study substantiates that legal mechanisms and the state governance system play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ecology
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental protection
  topic: keywords
subject: legal framework
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental legislation
  topic: keywords
subject: international cooperation
  topic: keywords
subject: conventions
  topic: keywords
subject: environment
  topic: keywords
subject: natural resources
  topic: keywords
subject: state policy
  topic: keywords
creator: Toirova Mashxura
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-07
publication date: 2026-04-07
starting page: 54
ending page: 60

Methods of Learning Language Norms and Structures in Language Acquisition
type: item
description: This article provides a detailed examination of the fundamental methods and theoretical approaches employed in the study of language norms and structural elements in language learning. Particular attention is given to the role of linguistic norms in developing learners' communicative competence and facilitating the effective acquisition of a foreign language. The study emphasises that an understanding of the structural organisation of language is crucial for developing accurate and meaningful communication. The paper analyses the importance of the key components of language norms, including phonetic, lexical and grammatical aspects. Phonetic norms are considered essential for developing correct pronunciation, intonation and speech clarity, all of which are necessary for successful oral communication. Lexical norms are examined in the context of vocabulary acquisition, semantic accuracy and the appropriate use of words in different communication situations. Additionally, grammatical norms are discussed as the structural framework that enables learners to construct coherent, logical sentences, facilitating the precise expression of ideas. Furthermore, the article emphasises the importance of modern pedagogical technologies in improving the language learning process. It examines innovative teaching approaches, such as interactive learning strategies, digital tools, collaborative learning environments and task-based instructional methods, as effective means of promoting deeper engagement with linguistic structures. These methods encourage active participation, critical thinking and the practical application of linguistic knowledge in real communication situations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Language Norms
  topic: keywords
subject: Linguistic Structure
  topic: keywords
subject: Language Acquisition
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Communicative Competence
  topic: keywords
subject: Grammar
  topic: keywords
subject: Phonetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Pedagogical Technologies
  topic: keywords
creator: Sultonova Gulchehra Husanovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-07
publication date: 2026-04-07
starting page: 49
ending page: 53

Psychological Mechanisms of Professional Motivation and Personal Maturity in the Development of Supervisory Skills
type: item
description: This article explores the intricate psychological mechanisms underlying the development of supervisory skills, with a particular focus on professional motivation and personal maturity. Supervisory competence is a multidimensional construct that requires not only technical and organizational knowledge but also a high level of emotional intelligence, self-regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness. The study examines how intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors influence the readiness and willingness of individuals to assume supervisory roles, as well as how personal maturity—encompassing self-awareness, responsibility, ethical reasoning, and adaptive coping strategies—facilitates effective leadership and decision-making in complex organizational environments. Through a comprehensive review of contemporary psychological theories and empirical research, the article highlights the dynamic interplay between motivation and personal development in shaping supervisory behavior. Key mechanisms discussed include goal orientation, self-determination, resilience, reflective thinking, and the ability to manage stress and interpersonal conflicts. The article also considers the role of continuous professional development, mentoring, and feedback systems in enhancing both motivation and personal maturity among supervisors. The findings underscore that the development of supervisory skills is not merely a matter of acquiring procedural knowledge, but rather a holistic process involving the cultivation of psychological resources that promote adaptive, ethical, and effective leadership. By identifying the core psychological mechanisms at play, this research offers practical implications for organizations aiming to design targeted training programs, enhance leadership pipelines, and foster sustainable professional growth among supervisory personnel.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Supervisory skills
  topic: keywords
subject: Professional motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Personal maturity
  topic: keywords
subject: Psychological mechanisms
  topic: keywords
subject: Leadership development
  topic: keywords
subject: Emotional intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Self-regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Organizational behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: Adaptive coping
  topic: keywords
subject: Professional growth
  topic: keywords
creator: Mirzayeva Muhayyo Ruziyevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Language, Literacy and Learning in STEM Education (2993-2769)
date: 2026-04-06
publication date: 2026-04-06
starting page: 43
ending page: 48