American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
type: channel
description: American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149) under U.S. ISSN Center - is an international, open-access, peer-reviewed online journal covering all aspects of the diagnosis, management, and prevention of disorders specific to children and adolescents, including pediatric oncology, pediatric cardiology, pediatric critical care, pediatric endocrinology, pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition, pediatric hematology and hematological malignancies, obstetric and pediatric pharmacology, pediatric immunology, pediatric infectious diseases, pediatric nephrology, pediatric neurology, pediatric orthopedics, pediatric otolaryngology, pediatric pulmonology, pediatric surgery, pediatric urology and etc.
publisher: GRN journals
language: en
publication name: American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
issn: 2993-2149
items: Healthcare Financing Options for Under-Five Child Care and Their Implications for Primary Healthcare Utilization in Oyo State, Nigeria
items: Presently Frequent Occurrence Of Cervical Pathologies And Their Causes.
items: Assessment of Attitudes and Perceptions toward COVID-19 Vaccination among Community Health Workers in Training at Agency Schools, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
items: Risk Factors Associated with Severe Dehydration in Children with Acute Diarrhea in Emergency Settings
items: Pediatric Nutrition Determinants, Health Outcomes, and Public Health Implications
items: Comparison between Traditional Surgery and Laparoscopic Surgery in the Treatment of Hernias in the Elderly
items: Antibiotic Resistance in Uzbekistan And Germany: A Comparative Investigation into Public Health Implications
items: Obesity Prevalence and its Health Implications: A Cross-National Analysis of Uzbekistan and Germany
items: Clinical Features of Bronchial Asthma in Children
items: Mechanisms of Brain Adaptation in Post-Stroke Motor Recovery
items: Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation: Impact on Myocardial Function measured by Global Longitudinal Strain
items: Utilizing Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) to Guide Safe Exercise Prescription and Physical Rehabilitation in Pediatric BAV Patients
items: Cholesteatoma of the Pineal Region of the Brain
items: Health Risk Analysis and Source Apportionment of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment in Aluu River
items: Interrelation Between Inflammatory Periodontal Diseases and Bronchial Asthma: Pathogenetic Parallels and Treatment Tactics
items: Specificity of Immunity in Children Living in the South Aral Sea Region After Vaccination with Different Pneumococcal Vaccines
items: Integrating Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Molecular Sciences in Biomedical Research: Applications in Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Biology, and Public Health
items: Sepsis Disease and Treatment in Children
items: Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy, Clinical Presentation and Treatment
items: Cutaneous Manifestation in Children Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
items: Esotropia in Douin Syndrome and Ways to Improve the Results of Surgical Treatment
items: Diagnostic Significance of Z-Score in Echocardiography in Children with Congenital Heart Defects
items: Explainable AI Systems to Enhance Patient Safety and Clinical Accountability
items: Features of the Intestinal Microbiota of Premature Infants with Gastrointestinal Enteropathy in the Early Neonatal Period
items: Fatty Liver in a Group of Iraqi Children
items: Errors and Complications During Endodontic Treatment
items: Workplace Ergonomics and its Influence on Dental Practitioners’ Productivity and Patient Care Quality
items: Method of Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis in Chronic Leukemia
items: Assessment of the Healthfulness of School Environments in Government Secondary Schools in Ado Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria
items: Evaluating the Efficiency of Emergency Response System During Disaster Incidents in Niger State, Nigeria

Healthcare Financing Options for Under-Five Child Care and Their Implications for Primary Healthcare Utilization in Oyo State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Under-five morbidity and mortality remain major public health challenges in Nigeria. Timely utilization of primary healthcare (PHC) is essential for preventing and managing common childhood illnesses. Caregivers’ socio-demographic characteristics, education, and household income strongly influence PHC utilization. Out-of-pocket payments dominate healthcare financing, limiting timely utilization of PHC services, while enrolment in health insurance schemes remains low, particularly among informal and low-income households. Understanding how caregiver factors interact with financing methods is critical for improving PHC access and child health outcomes. This study assessed the relationship between caregivers’ healthcare financing options and PHC utilization for under-five children in Oyo State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among caregivers of under-five children, collecting data on socio-demographics, income, health-seeking patterns, and financing options. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed to examine associations between variables. The mean age of caregivers was 31.0 years (SD ± 8.5), with 91.7% female and 77.5% married. Informal employment was predominant (56.2%), and the majority earned below ₦100,000 per month. Out-of-pocket payment was the most common financing method (44.5%). PHC utilization was suboptimal, with only 22.7% of caregivers seeking care from PHC facilities during child illness and 53.1% delaying care by more than five days. Socio-demographic characteristics, particularly age, education, and income, significantly influenced financing choices and uptake of PHC. (p<0.001). Expanding affordable insurance coverage, promoting caregiver-targeted health education, and strengthening PHC service delivery and governance are essential to enhance timely utilization and equitable access, contributing to improved child health and progress toward universal health coverage in Nigeria.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Caregivers
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare Financing
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Insurance
  topic: keywords
subject: Out-of-Pocket Payment
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary Healthcare Utilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Under-5-Children
  topic: keywords
creator: Tawose Oluwatomisin
creator: Ayinde Abayomi
creator: Ajayi Paul Oladapo
creator: Aibinuomo Ayomide
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-03-14
publication date: 2026-03-14
starting page: 6
ending page: 19

Presently Frequent Occurrence Of Cervical Pathologies And Their Causes.
type: item
description: Cervical pathologies are a group of diseases that are widespread among women of reproductive age. In recent years, the incidence of inflammatory diseases, dysplasia and cervical cancer has been increasing. This article analyzes the types, etiological factors, pathogenesis, risk factors and causes of their spread of cervical pathologies. The main etiological factors are human papillomavirus (HPV), early sexual life, polysexual intercourse, decreased immunity and lack of screening. Early diagnosis and preventive measures are important in reducing the incidence.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cervical cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: dysplasia
  topic: keywords
subject: erosion
  topic: keywords
subject: HPV
  topic: keywords
subject: cervicitis
  topic: keywords
subject: screening
  topic: keywords
subject: oncology
  topic: keywords
subject: Pap test
  topic: keywords
subject: colposcopy
  topic: keywords
creator: Ro'zmetova Roziyajon Yuqubboy qizi
creator: Mukhammadiev Oybek Bakhramovich
creator: Uralova Kamola Kudrat qizi
creator: Qarshiyeva Dinara Kamol qizi
creator: Ergasheva Mehribon Ergashevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-03-14
publication date: 2026-03-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 5

Assessment of Attitudes and Perceptions toward COVID-19 Vaccination among Community Health Workers in Training at Agency Schools, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
type: item
description: Background: Community health workers play a critical role in the promotion of public health interventions, including vaccination. Their attitudes and perceptions toward COVID 19 vaccination can influence both personal uptake and advocacy within the wider community. This study assessed the awareness, attitudes, perceptions, and factors associated with COVID 19 vaccine acceptance among community health workers in training at Agency Schools, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 trainees enrolled in the Primary Health Care Tutors and Community Health Officers Training Programmes. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire, capturing socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, perception, attitude, vaccination status, and factors influencing vaccine acceptance. Descriptive statistics, frequencies, percentages, and chi-square tests were used to analyze associations between perception, attitude, and vaccine uptake. Results: The mean age of respondents was 32.1 ± 8.4 years, with a majority being female (65%) and of Yoruba ethnicity (80%). Awareness of COVID 19 and preventive measures, including vaccination, was high, with 98% demonstrating knowledge of transmission routes and 95% aware of vaccine side effects. Eighty-five percent had received at least one dose of the COVID 19 vaccine, and 83% completed the full vaccination schedule. Positive attitudes toward vaccination, including encouragement of peers, were observed in 95% of respondents. Misconceptions regarding vaccine safety and efficacy were minimal but present. Chi-square analysis indicated significant associations between both attitude and perception with vaccine acceptance (p < 0.05). Perceived factors influencing vaccine uptake included personal health considerations, peer influence, and access to vaccination information. Conclusion: Community health worker trainees at UCH Ibadan demonstrated high awar…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: COVID 19
  topic: keywords
subject: vaccination
  topic: keywords
subject: community health workers
  topic: keywords
subject: attitude
  topic: keywords
subject: perception
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Agbonavbare Omotunde
creator: Adesoji Morounfoluwa
creator: OGUNMOLA, Emmanuel Olawale
creator: Joy Anorue
creator: Kolawole Tunmise Daramola
creator: Ayinde Abayomi O.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-03-09
publication date: 2026-03-09
starting page: 54
ending page: 65

Risk Factors Associated with Severe Dehydration in Children with Acute Diarrhea in Emergency Settings
type: item
description: Background: Acute diarrhea is a leading cause of emergency care to children hospital globally and it still makes a significant contribution to the under-five morbidity and mortality. The most life-threatening complication is severe dehydration that has to be identified and treated immediately. Knowledge of clinical and socioeconomic predictors in the emergency situation plays a crucial role in selecting prevention initiatives. Aim: To identify the prevalence and independent predictors of severe dehydration in children that report to emergency departments with acute diarrhea. Methods: It was a hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study that was done in three tertiary emergency departments that were based in pediatric units with a 12 months period. Four hundred and twenty children aged between 1-59 months old diagnosed with acute diarrhea underwent enrolment in consecutive sampling. The level of dehydration was categorized by the WHO. The sociodemographic and nutrition, clinical, and home-management variables were obtained by interviewing caregivers and examining these factors by the doctor. The logistic regression analysis showed the multivariate predictors of severe dehydration with adjusted odds ratio (AOR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) being evaluated. Aim: 128 children were found to have severe dehydration (30.5%). Independent predictors were lack of oral rehydration therapy (AOR = 3.82; 95% CI: 2.156788), later presentation >48 hours (AOR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.885.16), stool frequency>8/day (AOR = 2.91; 95% CI: 1.704.98), moderate/severe malnutrition (AOR = 2.74; 95) Conclusion: In emergency departments in almost a third of cases of children with acute diarrhea, severe dehydration was found. The clinical severity indicators as well as modifiable home-care practices both posed a significant risk. Rehydration therapy at an early stage, breastfeeding and timely treatment are significant measures to decrease emergency complications and avoid death.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acute diarrhea
  topic: keywords
subject: Severe dehydration
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk factors
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric emergency
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral rehydration therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Malnutrition
  topic: keywords
creator: Samer Hussein Jasim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-28
publication date: 2026-02-28
starting page: 46
ending page: 53

Pediatric Nutrition Determinants, Health Outcomes, and Public Health Implications
type: item
description: The importance of pediatric nutrition, however, is its impact on a child growth and development as well as subsequent immune health and long-term outcomes. Adequate consumption of macronutrients and micronutrients in early childhood is critical for healthy physical and cognitive development. Yet there are global disparities, with undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies continuing to be major public health challenges alongside emerging childhood obesity. The latest epidemiological evidence shows malnutrition is a direct contributory factor in over 45% of all deaths among under-fives worldwide. Rapid dietary transitions and urbanization have simultaneously resulted in increasing prevalence of overweight and metabolic disorders in children. Both extremes of malnutrition undernutrition and overnutrition have long-term consequences such as compromised immunity, poorer education achievement and greater risk for non-communicable diseases in adulthood. This article summarizes current evidence on the determinants of nutritional status in children and adolescents, describes health outcomes associated with nutritional imbalance, and outlines preventive approaches at familial/community/policy levels. As we work to improve sustainable child health outcomes worldwide, reinforcing early-life nutritional interventions continues to be a critical factor.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pediatric Nutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: Child Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Malnutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: Micronutrient Deficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Childhood Obesity
  topic: keywords
subject: Growth and Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Nutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: Early Childhood
  topic: keywords
creator: Shaira Khalilovna Atadjanova
creator: Solieva Mavlyuda Adiljanovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-27
publication date: 2026-02-27
starting page: 41
ending page: 45

Comparison between Traditional Surgery and Laparoscopic Surgery in the Treatment of Hernias in the Elderly
type: item
description: Hernia repair in older patients typically involves a number of complexities related to the effects of aging on the body as well as underlying medical issues. This research has compared and contrasted open term with laparoscopically performed hernia repairs while evaluating operative outcomes, short-term recovery periods, complication rates, and long-term results. The terminal ambit of surgical evaluations showed that laparoscopy took about 10 minutes longer on average (95 ± 20 min) than open procedures (85 ± 15 min) during the course of surgery; however, the amount of blood lost during laparoscopic repair was much less (60 ± 20 ml versus 120 ± 30 ml). Regarding early recovery from surgery, patients undergoing a laparoscopic repair were able to ambulate sooner (1.5 ± 0.4 days post-op) when compared with patients undergoing an open repair (2.5 ± 0.5 days post-op), and exhibited fewer pain complaints (VAS 3 ± 1 versus VAS 6 ± 1), and stayed in the hospital for less time (3 ± 0.8 days versus 5 ± 1 days). The incidence of postoperative complications was higher in patients who had an open repair; for example, there were greater instances of wound-related morbidity due to wound infections (8% vs 3%) and seromas (10% vs 4%) in the open repair group when compared with the laparoscopic group. Incidence rates of cardiopulmonary events were somewhat higher during the immediate post-operative period in the laparoscopic group (6% vs 5%), however, all cardiopulmonary events were associated with an early post-operative period only. Recurrence rates of hernia at longterm follow-up were similar (4% laparoscopic vs 5% open), but laparoscopic repair patients exhibited more optimal functional status and greater patient satisfaction (90% vs 75%). Patients who had laparoscopic repairs also experienced significantly less chronic pain than patients who had open repairs (5% vs 12%). In conclusion, laparoscopic hernia repair provided numerous advantages to elderly patients over open procedure…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Elderly patients
  topic: keywords
subject: Hernia repair
  topic: keywords
subject: Laparoscopic surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Open surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Postoperative recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: Operative outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Complications
  topic: keywords
subject: Functional independence
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr.Tareq Jawad Kadem Al-Rubayee
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-26
publication date: 2026-02-26
starting page: 29
ending page: 40

Antibiotic Resistance in Uzbekistan And Germany: A Comparative Investigation into Public Health Implications
type: item
description: This study sets out to investigate and contrast the prevalence of and health burden associated with antibiotic resistance in Uzbekistan and Germany, with a special emphasis on the public health implications in both countries. Comparing healthcare systems, antibiotic use and resistance rates, the study helps to identify that contribute to development of resistance. Data were from health authorities, hospital reports and literature with comparison of differences and similarities between the 2 countries. The results of the work offer valuable input to the worldwide problem of antibiotic resistance underlining that purpose-oriented measures and international collaboration for containment are urgently needed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Antibiotic Resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbekistan
  topic: keywords
subject: Germany
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Comparative Study
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Resistance Patterns
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Implications
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Faizan Ghouri
creator: Muhammad Majid Ghouri
creator: Ayesha Ashraf
creator: Abdurakhmonova Zamira Ergashboevna
creator: Imran Aslam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-19
publication date: 2026-02-19
starting page: 22
ending page: 24

Obesity Prevalence and its Health Implications: A Cross-National Analysis of Uzbekistan and Germany
type: item
description: Obesity has become an increasing worldwide health problem associated with chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes as well as several cancers. The current study aims to compare the prevalence of obesity and related health consequences between a low-middle income country (Uzbekistan) and a high-income nation (Germany). Germany: Germany has an established obesity epidemic, with more than 50% of adults overweight Uzbekistan: Rapid urbanization and changes in diet have led to an emerging obesity crisis in the country The analysis describes underlying factors such as SES, diet, PA, and urbanization. It assesses the impact of public health interventions in each country, too. Results It seems that in Germany many public health programs were launched but had only some—primarily among the socially challenged groups—success. In contrast, Uzbekistan is at an early phase of the obesity epidemic and needs focused prevention plans. This study recommends country-specific public health interventions in both countries to address the escalating obesity epidemic and its consequential health effects.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Obesity
  topic: keywords
subject: Prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Implications
  topic: keywords
subject: Socioeconomic Determinants
  topic: keywords
subject: Urbanization
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbekistan
  topic: keywords
subject: Germany
  topic: keywords
subject: Dietary Habits
  topic: keywords
subject: Physical Activity
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Faizan Ghouri
creator: Muhammad Majid Ghouri
creator: Ayesha Ashraf
creator: Abdurakhmonova Zamira Ergashboevna
creator: Imran Aslam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-19
publication date: 2026-02-19
starting page: 25
ending page: 28

Clinical Features of Bronchial Asthma in Children
type: item
description: Identification of clinical forms of bronchial asthma in children in the presence of causally significant allergens and concomitant allergic diseases associated with rhinoconjunctival symptoms, seizures develop rapidly, often acquiring a severe course of the disease.When bronchial asthma was combined with rhinoconjunctival symptoms, seizures developed intensively, the disease was severe and serious complications were observed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: bronchial asthma
  topic: keywords
subject: suffocation
  topic: keywords
subject: allergens
  topic: keywords
subject: cough
  topic: keywords
subject: children
  topic: keywords
creator: Tukhtaeva O.T
creator: Azizova D.R.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-18
publication date: 2026-02-18
starting page: 18
ending page: 21

Mechanisms of Brain Adaptation in Post-Stroke Motor Recovery
type: item
description: low and middle incomes: a 10/66 Dementia Research Group population-based survey. Lancet. 2009; 374:1821–1830. [PubMed: 19944863] Nudo RJ, Wise BM, SiFuentes F, Milliken GW. Neural substrates for the effects of rehabilitative training on motor recovery after ischemic infarct. Science. 1996; 272:1791–1794. [PubMed: 8650578] Taub E, Uswatte G, Elbert T. New treatments in neurorehabilitation founded on basic research. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2002; 3:228–236. [PubMed: 11994754] Lloyd-Jones D, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2008; 119:480–486. [PubMed: 19171871] Krakauer JW. Motor learning: its relevance to stroke recovery and neurorehabilitation. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2006; 19:84–90. [PubMed: 16415682] Seitz RJ. How imaging will guide rehabilitation. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2010; 23:79–86. [PubMed: 19926990] Dimyan MA, Cohen LG. Contribution of transcranial magnetic stimulation to the understanding of functional recovery mechanisms after stroke. Neurorehabil. Neural Repair. 2010; 24:125–135. [PubMed: 19767591] Floel A, Cohen LG. Recovery of function in humans: cortical stimulation and pharmacological treatments after stroke. Neurobiol. Dis. 2010; 37:243–251. [PubMed: 19520165] Buonomano DV, Merzenich MM. Cortical plasticity: from synapses to maps. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1998; 21:149–186. [PubMed: 9530495] Payne BR, Lomber SG. Reconstructing functional systems after lesions of cerebral cortex. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2001; 2:911–919. [PubMed: 11733798] Holloway V, et al. The reorganization of sensorimotor function in children after hemispherectomy. A functional MRI and somatosensory evoked potential study. Brain. 2000; 123:2432–2444. [PubMed: 11099446] Berardi N, Pizzorusso T, Maffei L. Critical periods during sensory development. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2000; 10:138–145. [PubMed: 10679428] Smirnakis SM, et al. Lack of long-term cortical reorganization…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Brain Adaptation
  topic: keywords
subject: Motor Recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: Neuroprosthestics
  topic: keywords
creator: Khurbonov Abdurakhmon Iskandar o'g'li
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-17
publication date: 2026-02-17
starting page: 10
ending page: 17

Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation: Impact on Myocardial Function measured by Global Longitudinal Strain
type: item
description: Measures of cardiovascular (CV) health and function are improved by exercise. However, it might be challenging to determine the short-term efficacy of an exercise intervention when conventional metrics steadily improve. Reductions in left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) are a powerful predictor of future cardiac dysfunction and death. LVGLS is a very sensitive cardiac imaging tool that can identify myocardial dysfunction before more conventional assessments. Because of its sensitivity, LVGLS may provide a practical way to monitor the short-term impact of an exercise intervention on CV function, giving practitioners valuable data to enhance patient care in exercise environments. It's unknown, nevertheless, how exercise affects LVGLS. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect exercise has on LVGLS across a range of populations. Included studies assessed LVGLS pre–post an exercise intervention (minimum 2 weeks) in adults 18 years and over, and were published in English from 2000 onwards. Study-level random-effects meta-analyses were performed using Stata (v16.1) to calculate summary standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). 39 studies met selection criteria, with 35 included in meta-analyses (1765 participants). In primary analyses, a significant improvement in LVGLS was observed in populations with CV disease (SMD=0.59; 95% CI 0.16–1.02; p=0.01), however, no significant effect of exercise was observed in CV risk factor and healthy populations. In populations with CV disease, LVGLS could be used as an early biomarker to determine the effectiveness of an exercise regime before changes in other clinical measures are observed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Physical Activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Cardiac Function
  topic: keywords
subject: Cardiovascular Imaging
  topic: keywords
creator: Shodiyev Mirshodbek Marufovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-17
publication date: 2026-02-17
starting page: 5
ending page: 9

Utilizing Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) to Guide Safe Exercise Prescription and Physical Rehabilitation in Pediatric BAV Patients
type: item
description: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is one of the most common congenital heart defects in children and is frequently associated with progressive valvular dysfunction and aortopathy. Conventional assessment using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) may fail to detect early myocardial impairment. Despite increasing clinical application of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), limited pediatric evidence exists regarding the prognostic value of global longitudinal strain (GLS) for identifying subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and guiding early clinical decision-making in BAV patients. This study provides an analytical evaluation of recent pilot evidence assessing GLS in pediatric BAV patients, with emphasis on segmental strain abnormalities and phenotype-specific risk stratification through STE-derived measurements. The evidence indicates that GLS is more sensitive than LVEF in detecting subtle myocardial dysfunction even when global systolic performance appears preserved. Segmental strain reductions, particularly in inferior, anterior, and apical regions, were identified as early indicators of myocardial alteration. Integration of GLS into routine pediatric BAV assessment may enhance early risk stratification, support safe exercise prescription, and enable personalized monitoring strategies. Nevertheless, larger multi-center longitudinal investigations are necessary to validate GLS as a standardized prognostic marker in pediatric cardiology practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bicuspid Aortic Valve
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Longitudinal Strain
  topic: keywords
subject: Speckle Tracking Echocardiography
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric Cardiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Left Ventricular Dysfunction
  topic: keywords
subject: Exercise Prescription
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk Assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Shodiyev Mirshodbek Marufovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-17
publication date: 2026-02-17
starting page: 1
ending page: 4

Cholesteatoma of the Pineal Region of the Brain
type: item
description: Pineal region cholesteatoma (intracranial epidermoid cyst) is a rare benign congenital lesion characterized by accumulation of keratinized epithelium. Due to its slow growth, the tumor may remain asymptomatic for a long period and becomes clinically evident after compression of surrounding brain structures and ventricular system. This article presents a clinical case diagnosed using MRI and treated surgically. Neuroimaging revealed a large cystic formation in the pineal region. Microsurgical removal of the lesion was performed successfully, and the postoperative period was without complications. Early radiological diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are essential for favorable outcomes. Long-term follow-up is recommended because recurrence may occur.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cholesteatoma
  topic: keywords
subject: pineal region
  topic: keywords
subject: brain
  topic: keywords
subject: diagnosis
  topic: keywords
subject: surgical treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: neurosurgery
  topic: keywords
subject: complications
  topic: keywords
subject: recurrences
  topic: keywords
creator: Aliyev Mansur Abdukhalikovich
creator: Najimova Margiyona Kakhramonovna
creator: Abdukarimova Zalina Adkhamovna
creator: Shamsiyeva Raykhona Ozodovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-17
publication date: 2026-02-17
starting page: 140
ending page: 143

Health Risk Analysis and Source Apportionment of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment in Aluu River
type: item
description: This study focuses on the health risk analysis and source apportionment of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment in Aluu River. The objectives were to quantify and characterize PAH concentrations, determine the sources of these contaminants and the health risks associated with exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from multiple locations along the Aluu River using standard sampling protocols. PAHs were extracted and quantified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. Source apportionment was conducted using principal component analysis (PCA), while ecological and human health risk assessments were performed using hazard quotient (HQ) and cancer risk (CR) models. PAHs were detected in both water and sediment, with total concentrations ranging from 3.33 to 6.41 µg/L in water and 22.33 to 31.00 µg/kg in sediments. High molecular weight PAHs (HPAHs) predominated, suggesting pyrogenic sources. Health risk assessments indicated elevated HQs for several carcinogenic PAHs such as chrysene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[ghi]perylene. The total cancer risk from PAHs in surface water ranged from 0.039 to 0.090, significantly above the acceptable threshold (1.0 × 10⁻⁶), indicating potential long-term health concerns. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified distinct pollution sources for PAHs, including industrial discharge, combustion activities, and urban runoff. The findings demonstrate significant contamination of the Aluu River by PAHs, with sediment acting as a major sink for these pollutants. The dominance of high-risk carcinogenic PAHs, coupled with elevated health risk indices, indicates potential long-term ecological degradation and serious public health concerns for populations dependent on the river. Establishment of a long-term environmental monitoring program to track PAHs trends and evaluate effectiveness of mitigation strategies is recommended
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Risk Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: ource Apportionment
  topic: keywords
subject: River Sediment
  topic: keywords
subject: Aluu River
  topic: keywords
creator: Nwoke I. B.
creator: Harrison E.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-02-13
publication date: 2026-02-13
starting page: 116
ending page: 139

Interrelation Between Inflammatory Periodontal Diseases and Bronchial Asthma: Pathogenetic Parallels and Treatment Tactics
type: item
description: The article examines the mechanisms of the relationship between bronchial asthma and chronic periodontitis. The authors analyze common immuno-inflammatory links of pathogenesis, the impact of inhalation therapy on oral health, and the clinical features of periodontitis progression in the context of comorbid pathology. Ways to optimize complex treatment based on an interdisciplinary approach are proposed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: periodontitis
  topic: keywords
subject: bronchial asthma
  topic: keywords
subject: comorbidity
  topic: keywords
creator: Makhkamova O.A.
creator: Daminova N.R.
creator: Mirobidova Y.N.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-28
publication date: 2026-01-28
starting page: 113
ending page: 115

Specificity of Immunity in Children Living in the South Aral Sea Region After Vaccination with Different Pneumococcal Vaccines
type: item
description: Two types of pneumococcal vaccines for children are registered in Uzbekistan: Prevenar-13 (Pfizer, USA), which contains capsular polysaccharides of thirteen pneumococcal serotypes conjugated with genetically engineered diphtheria toxoid, and 10-valent conjugate vaccine Pnevmosil (India). Until 2020, children were vaccinated with the 13-valent vaccine Prevenar-13, after 2020 - Pnevmosil-10. We conducted a study to assess the humoral immune response (IgG) to 15 pneumococcal CPS in ELISA in children with pneumonia, as well as in relatively healthy children. Analysis of the same sera showed a higher level of IgG in the post-vaccination period to the Prevenar-13 vaccine to a greater extent than to the 10-valent vaccine (1.3-2 times).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: pneumococcus
  topic: keywords
subject: capsule polysaccharides
  topic: keywords
creator: P.M.Madrakhimov
creator: Bekchanov B.G.
creator: Yaqubov D.M.
creator: Klicheva T.A.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 95
ending page: 100

Integrating Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Molecular Sciences in Biomedical Research: Applications in Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Biology, and Public Health
type: item
description: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are rapidly transforming biomedical research, offering novel solutions to longstanding challenges in laboratory medicine, cancer biology, molecular sciences, drug discovery, and public health. These technologies enable the analysis of vast, complex datasets, facilitating pattern recognition, predictive modeling, and data integration at scales beyond human capability. In laboratory medicine, AI and ML enhance diagnostic accuracy, automate repetitive processes, reduce errors, and shorten turnaround times, while supporting decision-making through intelligent data interpretation. In cancer biology, machine learning models integrate genomic, proteomic, imaging, and clinical data to predict disease progression, therapeutic response, and patient outcomes, advancing precision oncology. Similarly, AI applications in molecular sciences, including molecular pathology and allergen classification, improve disease categorization and personalized treatment strategies. In drug discovery, AI accelerates compound screening, predicts drug-target interactions, and supports rational design of therapeutics, exemplified by technologies such as AlphaFold, which accurately models protein structures. Public health also benefits from AI-driven predictive modeling for outbreak detection, risk stratification, and resource optimization. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including the need for high-quality, representative datasets, algorithm validation, ethical considerations, data privacy, and workforce training. Interdisciplinary collaboration among clinicians, researchers, data scientists, and policymakers is essential to ensure responsible and effective implementation. Looking forward, AI and ML are poised to redefine biomedical research, enabling data-driven insights, personalized medicine, and improved healthcare outcomes, provided that technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges are addressed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Machine Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Biomedical Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Precision Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Laboratory Medicine
  topic: keywords
creator: Moin Uddin Patwary
creator: Raihan Mia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-27
publication date: 2026-01-27
starting page: 101
ending page: 112

Sepsis Disease and Treatment in Children
type: item
description: Sepsis in children remains a critical global health challenge and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in neonatal and pediatric intensive care settings. It is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for improving survival outcomes and reducing long-term complications. This article reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and modern therapeutic approaches for pediatric sepsis, with a special focus on early recognition and evidence-based management strategies in low- and middle-income countries, including Uzbekistan. Emphasis is placed on antimicrobial therapy, hemodynamic support, and the role of preventive measures in reducing the incidence of sepsis among children.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pediatric sepsis
  topic: keywords
subject: neonatal sepsis
  topic: keywords
subject: infection
  topic: keywords
creator: Barno Shamsuddinovna Makhmudova
creator: Shaira Khalilovna Atadjanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-22
publication date: 2026-01-22
starting page: 89
ending page: 94

Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy, Clinical Presentation and Treatment
type: item
description: Background Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy also known as, congenital hyperinsulinism, is a collection of disorders that lead to persistent hypoglycemia, a result of the congenital excess of insulin secretion, and is not to be mistaken with acquired forms, which include insulinoma, iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia, and dumping syndrome. It is the most likely cause of persistent hypoglycemia in the infants and neonates. Aims of the study To study demographic & clinical features of patients with congenital hyperinsulinism & response to treatment. Patients and methods Case-series study was carried out on patients with congenital hyperinsulinism, who diagnosed and/or treated at Children Welfare Teaching hospital, Baghdad Medical City started on 1st of January 2013 and ended on 30th of October 2019. In this study out of 35 patients diagnosed as congenital hyperinsulinism, only 27 patients were studied ( 8 patients were excluded because of lost follow up) Results All patients were full term except for one patient was preterm. All patients had mothers without diabetes mellitus except for one Patient who had mother with gestational diabetes, 17(62%) patients were male & 10(38%) patients were female. The birth weights were ranged from 3 to 5.2 kg (median 3.5 kg), with 11(40%) patients were macrosomic. The age at presentation was ranged from 1 day to 45 months (median 1 day). The age at diagnosis was ranged from 2 day to 48 months (median 2 months), 13(48%) patients were products of normal vaginal delivery, 14(52%) patients were products of caesarian section, 5(18%) patients had positive family history of affected siblings. The parent’s consanguinity was found in 22 (81%) patients. The blood glucose level during critical sample was ranged from 8 to 49 mg/dl (median 30 mg/dl). The insulin level during critical sample was ranged from 2.6 to 182 Mu/ml (median 16.5 Mu/ml) The insulin to glucose ratio was ranged from 0.06 to 9.57 (median 0.72). Nine patients were nev…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Thulfagar Ibrahim Salih
creator: Munib Ahmed alzubaidi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-16
publication date: 2026-01-16
starting page: 79
ending page: 88

Cutaneous Manifestation in Children Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
type: item
description: Background and Design: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can cause significant changes in the skin. However, there are limited studies examining skin findings in children with T1DM. This study aims to determine the frequency of skin lesions in children with T1DM and evaluate their relationship with disease duration and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Materials and Methods: the study was including 49 children with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy children. The children were examined in detail by a pediatrician and dermatologist . Results: Children’s age at beginning of the diabetes was 7.0 ± 3.5 years, and duration of illness was 49.8 ± 38.7 months. The average of HbA1c was 8.2 ± 1.7%. Out of the total of 49 subjects in the study, 9 (18.4%) used an insulin pump, and 40 (81.6%) used multiple daily injections of insulin. In 41 patients (83.7%) at least one associated skin condition caused by insulin. The most common adverse effects were lipohypertrophy, ecchymosis and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Patients with diabetes type 1 were more likely to have occurrences of xerosis and rubeosis faciei compared to controls which were statistically significant 28.6%vs. 10.0% and 10.2%versus 1.7% respectively. Facial erythema patients showed higher body mass index (BMI) levels.. Conclusion: Training patients and caregivers and increasing physician awareness can improve management and prevention of skin findings in children with T1DM.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Children
  topic: keywords
subject: insulin
  topic: keywords
subject: lipodystrophy
  topic: keywords
subject: type 1 diabetes mellitus
  topic: keywords
creator: Thulfagar Ibrahim Salih
creator: Rassam Fadhil Saeed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-16
publication date: 2026-01-16
starting page: 74
ending page: 78

Esotropia in Douin Syndrome and Ways to Improve the Results of Surgical Treatment
type: item
description: This article presents an extensive study on the clinical features of esotropia in Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) and the optimization of surgical approaches aimed at improving ocular alignment, reducing abnormal head posture, and enhancing binocular function. Duane syndrome, a congenital ocular motility disorder characterized by co-contraction of the medial and lateral rectus muscles, often leads to esotropic deviation due to mechanical and innervational anomalies. The research analyzes various surgical techniques, including medial rectus recession, lateral rectus resection, and transposition procedures, assessing their efficacy, safety, and postoperative outcomes. The study also emphasizes the importance of individualized surgical planning based on the type of DRS, degree of esotropia, limitation of abduction, and presence of globe retraction or up/downshoots. Findings indicate that a tailored, minimally invasive surgical approach, combined with precise preoperative evaluation and long-term follow-up, significantly improves functional and cosmetic outcomes. The research provides an evidence-based framework for enhancing surgical correction in patients with Duane syndrome-associated esotropia. This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of esotropia associated with Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) and explores advanced surgical approaches aimed at improving alignment, reducing abnormal head posture, and restoring binocular function. Duane syndrome is a congenital ocular motility disorder resulting from aberrant innervation of the lateral rectus muscle by branches of the oculomotor nerve, leading to limited abduction, globe retraction, and esotropic deviation in the primary gaze position. The research emphasizes individualized surgical strategies such as graded medial rectus recession, lateral rectus transposition, and Y-splitting procedures to address the unique pathophysiology of the syndrome. Through detailed preoperative assessment and postoperative follow-u…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: esotropia
  topic: keywords
subject: Duane retraction syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: medial rectus recession
  topic: keywords
subject: lateral rectus transposition
  topic: keywords
creator: Boboev Saidavzal Abdurakhmanovich
creator: Khidirov Begzod Ilkhomovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-13
publication date: 2026-01-13
starting page: 69
ending page: 73

Diagnostic Significance of Z-Score in Echocardiography in Children with Congenital Heart Defects
type: item
description: Congenital heart defects (CHD) are among the most common cardiovascular disorders in children. Continuous growth and somatic variability in pediatric patients limit the diagnostic accuracy of absolute echocardiographic measurements, highlighting the importance of standardized Z-score assessment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: pediatric cardiology
  topic: keywords
subject: congenital heart defects
  topic: keywords
subject: echocardiography
  topic: keywords
subject: Z-score
  topic: keywords
subject: diagnosis
  topic: keywords
creator: Husainova Venera Karimovna
creator: Farmonova Sanobar Khalimovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-13
publication date: 2026-01-13
starting page: 66
ending page: 68

Explainable AI Systems to Enhance Patient Safety and Clinical Accountability
type: item
description: The growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical services has brought with it some potent clinical decision tools, diagnostic tools, and patient monitoring tools. Nevertheless, the complexity of most AI systems, especially deep learning methods, casts doubt over the safety of patients and stakeholder confidence in clinics and the law. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has become a highly important measure to overcome these issues by offering clear, interpretable and understandable explanations of AI-based decisions. The paper discusses how XAI systems can be used to improve patient safety and improve clinical accountability in a health care setting. It explores the role of explainability in helping clinicians to justify AI recommendations, detect possible errors or biases, and gain more confidence in their decisions. Moreover, the paper explains XAI implications on regulatory compliance, ethical governance, and medico-legal responsibility. Through the incorporation of explainable mechanisms in clinical AI systems, healthcare facilities can enable trust and improve patient outcomes with greater accuracy and create more transparent accountability units. The results emphasize XAI as the basis of responsible and sustainable implementation of AI technologies in the contemporary healthcare systems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Explainable Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Patient Safety
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Decision Support Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Model Transparency
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Accountability
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethical AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Medical Decision-Making
  topic: keywords
subject: Trustworthy AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Informatics
  topic: keywords
creator: Mst Zannatun Ferdus
creator: Rowsan Jahan Bhuiyan
creator: Md Hasan Monsur
creator: Abdullah Hel Shafi
creator: Most. Jafrun Nessa
creator: Mariya Tabassum CN
creator: Daryl Brydie
creator: Zamadi Uz Sani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-09
publication date: 2026-01-09
starting page: 59
ending page: 65

Features of the Intestinal Microbiota of Premature Infants with Gastrointestinal Enteropathy in the Early Neonatal Period
type: item
description: The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the maturation of the immune system and gastrointestinal function in newborns, particularly in premature infants. In the early neonatal period, preterm infants are highly vulnerable to gastrointestinal enteropathy due to immaturity of the intestinal barrier, altered microbial colonization, and exposure to intensive medical interventions. This study explores the features of intestinal microbiota composition in premature infants diagnosed with gastrointestinal enteropathy during the early neonatal period. Special attention is given to the imbalance between beneficial and opportunistic microorganisms, reduced microbial diversity, and the predominance of pathogenic bacteria. In the context of Uzbekistan, where the prevalence of premature births remains a significant public health concern, understanding microbiota-related mechanisms is essential for improving neonatal outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of early microbiota modulation strategies, including breastfeeding support and probiotic use, to prevent severe gastrointestinal complications in premature infants.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Premature infants
  topic: keywords
subject: intestinal microbiota
  topic: keywords
subject: gastrointestinal enteropathy
  topic: keywords
creator: Sadikova Muhabbatbonu Pazlidinovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-08
publication date: 2026-01-08
starting page: 53
ending page: 58

Fatty Liver in a Group of Iraqi Children
type: item
description: The fatty liver disease (FLD) among children is increasingly being accepted as a severe comorbidity, which is often linked with metabolic and endocrine pathologies. The aim of the research was to characterize the clinical prognosis of a child group of patients with FLD and, more precisely, to evaluate the correlations between the metabolic control, liver injury biomarkers, and non-invasive fibrosis index. The study was performed as a cross-sectional study involving 39 children with FLD. The data obtained were demographic, comorbidity, primary diagnosis, and significant laboratory parameters (platelets, ALT, AST, and HbA1c). Also established was the AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) as a non-invasive method for assessing hepatic fibrosis. In order to characterize data statistically, the descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were employed to estimate the relationship among the clinical variables (age, BMI, laboratory values, and APRI scores). The comorbidity burden was also high (46.2 with diabetes being the most common and 41.0 with hypertension being the next most common). The most common first disease diagnosis was T1DM (53.8%). Lab data showed a median of 20 U/L of ALT and 21 U/L of AST, and AST has a great outlier skewness (1011.7 U/L). Mean haemoglobin was 9.08 (±3.61), and mean APRI was 0.32 (±0.45). Correlation analysis showed that there was a close correlation between ALT and APRI (r = 0.86). On the contrary, both ALT and APRI had linear relationships with HbA1c. Pediatric FLD in this group is mostly manifested in T1DM and major metabolic comorbidity. Liver injury severity and predicted risk of fibrosis occurrences, which are vigorously correlated with transaminase levels, do not seem to be closely associated with short-term glycemic regulation, assessed by HbA1c. These results indicate that FLD in children has a multifactorial etiology, and therefore, management should be more extensive than glycemic control, as it should involve overa…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fatty Liver Disease In Pediatric Patients
  topic: keywords
subject: Diabetes
  topic: keywords
subject: Hepatic Fibrosis
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Bashar Khaleel Ibrahim
creator: Dr. Liqaa Qahtan Ismael
creator: Dr. Khalid Jamal Ahmed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
starting page: 40
ending page: 48

Errors and Complications During Endodontic Treatment
type: item
description: Endodontic treatment is a fundamental dental procedure aimed at preserving natural teeth affected by pulpal and periapical pathologies. Despite significant advancements in diagnostic tools, instrumentation systems, and treatment protocols, errors and complications during endodontic therapy remain prevalent and represent a major cause of treatment failure. This comprehensive scientific article analyzes the types, causes, clinical manifestations, and consequences of errors and complications occurring during various stages of endodontic treatment, including diagnosis, access cavity preparation, working length determination, cleaning and shaping, irrigation, obturation, and post-treatment restoration. Emphasis is placed on iatrogenic factors, anatomical complexities, operator-related variables, and material-related issues. Preventive strategies, modern technological solutions, and evidence-based management approaches are discussed in detail to enhance clinical outcomes and long-term tooth survival.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Endodontic treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: procedural errors
  topic: keywords
subject: endodontic complications
  topic: keywords
subject: root canal therapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Kholboyeva Nasiba Asrorovna
creator: Davronova Nigora Valijon qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
starting page: 35
ending page: 39

Workplace Ergonomics and its Influence on Dental Practitioners’ Productivity and Patient Care Quality
type: item
description: Workplace ergonomics is a critical determinant of the efficiency, productivity, and overall health of dental practitioners. Dentistry is inherently demanding, requiring sustained precision, prolonged static postures, repetitive movements, and high visual concentration. Poor ergonomic design in dental clinics not only increases the risk of musculoskeletal disorders among practitioners but also impacts the quality of patient care, procedural accuracy, and overall clinical performance. This article provides an in-depth review of workplace ergonomic principles, evaluates their influence on dental practitioners’ productivity and patient care quality, and explores evidence-based strategies to optimize clinical environments. It emphasizes the integration of ergonomic assessment, equipment design, workflow optimization, and practitioner education as essential components of sustainable dental practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dental ergonomics
  topic: keywords
subject: workplace ergonomics
  topic: keywords
subject: musculoskeletal disorders
  topic: keywords
subject: productivity
  topic: keywords
creator: Ortikova Nargiza Khairullayevna
creator: Khurramov Sukhrob Abdunazarovich
creator: Akhatov Alizhon Zhamshidovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
starting page: 30
ending page: 34

Method of Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis in Chronic Leukemia
type: item
description: Chronic periodontitis represents a significant clinical challenge in patients diagnosed with chronic leukemia due to profound alterations in immune function, hematopoiesis, and tissue repair mechanisms. The coexistence of these two chronic conditions leads to mutual aggravation, where periodontal inflammation may exacerbate systemic complications, while leukemia-related immunosuppression accelerates periodontal tissue destruction. This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary treatment approach for managing chronic periodontitis in patients with chronic leukemia. The proposed method integrates individualized periodontal therapy, systemic medical coordination, antimicrobial control, and supportive care tailored to hematological status. Clinical outcomes demonstrate that a structured and cautious therapeutic strategy can significantly improve periodontal health, reduce inflammatory burden, and enhance overall quality of life without increasing hematological risks. The findings support the necessity of close collaboration between dental professionals and hematologists when treating this vulnerable patient population. Chronic periodontal inflammation in individuals affected by chronic leukemia poses a complex clinical scenario due to altered immune responses, vascular fragility, and impaired tissue regeneration. The coexistence of these conditions increases the risk of rapid periodontal breakdown and systemic complications. This section presents an expanded overview of how an integrated therapeutic strategy aimed at controlling oral inflammation while maintaining systemic stability can lead to favorable clinical outcomes. Emphasis is placed on individualized care, risk reduction, and the importance of coordinated medical and dental management to ensure both oral and overall health improvement in this medically compromised population.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: chronic periodontitis
  topic: keywords
subject: comprehensive treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: chronic leukemia
  topic: keywords
creator: Marupova Madina Xikmatuloyevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
starting page: 25
ending page: 29

Assessment of the Healthfulness of School Environments in Government Secondary Schools in Ado Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Introduction: Healthful school environments are essential for student well-being and academic performance. In Southwest Nigeria, gaps in infrastructure, sanitation, and policy implementation compromise the quality of public secondary schools. Objective: This study assessed the healthful school environment of public secondary schools in Ado-Ekiti, focusing on school site, infrastructure, classroom standards, and staff awareness of environmental health practices. Method of Analysis: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 300 teachers and administrative staff across 21 public secondary schools. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 25. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed. Results: Most schools (85.7%) were located near major roads, while only 17.7% were near rivers or streams, and 8% near waste disposal sites. Water facilities were available in 86.7% of schools, and emergency health services in 69.1%. Only 31.2% of schools had adequate gender-sensitive toilets, and 41.5% had safe recreational facilities. Classroom assessments showed 73.3% were well-ventilated, but only 13.3% had adequate lighting, and 33% had sufficient furniture. Less than half of staff (47.3%) had received training on environmental health, and only 39.7% participated in sanitation monitoring. Conclusion: Public secondary schools in Ado-Ekiti demonstrate partial compliance with healthful environment standards. Critical gaps in sanitation, classroom quality, recreational facilities, and staff training highlight the need for targeted infrastructure improvements, WASH interventions, and policy enforcement to promote safe and conducive learning environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Healthful school environment
  topic: keywords
subject: public secondary schools
  topic: keywords
subject: sanitation
  topic: keywords
creator: Amin Muyiwa Adeleke
creator: Akintomide Adeola Abiodun
creator: Adedamola Tella
creator: Egbinade Joshua Oluwafemi
creator: Akinleye Titilope Olatorera
creator: Ayinde Abayomi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-06
publication date: 2026-01-06
starting page: 15
ending page: 24

Evaluating the Efficiency of Emergency Response System During Disaster Incidents in Niger State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Despite the presence of state emergency management agency in Niger State, there are still challenges in emergency response, which hinders the efficiency and effectiveness of disaster recovery. Without efficient response system, emergency agencies may struggle to make informed decisions, and coordinate response efforts effectively. The effectiveness of disaster recovery efforts during disaster incidents relies on the availability, accessibility, and utilization of accurate and timely response by emergency management agencies. Additionally, inadequate evaluation can lead to delays in disaster recovery, miscommunication among agencies, and ultimately hinder the achievement of disaster management goals. In recent time, disaster related risk have been exacerbated by climate change and this has impacted progress toward sustainable development. Although the Niger state government has worked assiduously to strengthen her disaster risk management strategy by establishing Niger State Emergency Management Agency (NSEMA). It is hitherto regrettable that such idea has not yielded such progress as event continue to threaten the existence, wellbeing and safety of the population. It is disheartening that the State has continually experience humanitarian emergency and catastrophes on an ever-increasing scale and frequency, and it has become so difficult for the affected persons and community to adsorb and recover from the impact created by these disasters. Therefore, it has been observed that disasters signal the failure of a society to adapt successfully to certain features of its natural and socially constructed environment in a sustainable fashion. In view of the foregoing ,the study concludes that there is need for the state to improve its effort at creating sustainable measures that will help protect its citizens from natural and man-made disasters and also have a walkable data base that can be used to assess the damage caused by disaster and proffer avoidable solutions proacti…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Emergency Response System
  topic: keywords
subject: Disaster Incidents
  topic: keywords
creator: M. A. Ibrahim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 American Journal of Pediatric Medicine and Health Sciences (2993-2149)
date: 2026-01-06
publication date: 2026-01-06
starting page: 7
ending page: 14