Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Sex Stimulating hormone in Polycystic Ovary Women

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent form of persistent anovulation caused by androgen excess, affecting 5 to 10% of women of reproductive age. PCOS is defined by a metabolic disease in which hyperinsulinaemia is a major hallmark, in addition to its reproductive consequences. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition having implications for reproductive, metabolic, and psychological characteristics. The fundamental cause of the condition is an anomaly in the ovaries; however other factors such as weight and environmental factors influence the development of particular symptoms. PCOS has been identified as a risk factor for diabetes. Despite the fact that PCOS signs and symptoms appear before those of insulin resistance, it is thought that insulin resistance, rather than the other way around, may have a role in the development of PCOS. Aim to our study to investigate the impact of Vit D supplementation on the plasma glucose, lipid and other metabolic and endocrine parameter follicular stimulating hormone (FSH),sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG),and total testosterone(TT) also to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Vit D and how improve hormonal levels in patients with PCOS. From January 5th through June 10th, 2025, a follow-up research was conducted in Kirkuk. There were 80 PCOS women in the research, both married and unmarried, ranging in age from 15 to 45 years old. These patients were hospitalized to Azadi Teaching Hospital's obstetrics and gynecology section.in the present study, 80 PCOS was diagnosed based on the presence of two of the Rotterdam criteria: oligo and/or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries in ultrasound, which were defined as the presence of 12 or more follicles measuring 2-9 mm in diameter in each ovary and/or ovarian volume greater than 10 cm3. All 80 PCOS patients were given a comprehensive medical examination as well as anthropometric measurements such as weight and height, as well as a generic questionnaire to fill out. The formula for calculating the Body Mass Index (BMI) was weight (kg)/height2 (m2). The mean of BMI for PCOS patients were 28.2 (Kg /m²) and mean for age 30 years our study. serum level of FSH in PCOS patients after three months vitamin D administration was increased with not significant at P value (0.1547 ),while the correlation between vitamin D and FSH over three months vitamin D administrate, was no correlation, and serum testosterone level in PCOS patients after three months vitamin D intake was increased significant at P value (< 0.0001) and give no correlation between vitamin D and testosterone level ,while SHBG level was not significant at P value (0.0767) and there is no correlation between vitamin D and SHBG . By our study insulin level decreased significantly at P value (0.0045 ) with statically no correlation between vitamin D and insulin after three months of vitamin D administrate , while insulin resistance level was reduced significantly at P value (< 0.0001) with negative correlation between vitamin D and insulin resistance ,while serum FSB level was raised significantly at P value < (0.0001). The majority of women with PCOS that enrolled in this study were within the child bearing age, and the majority of PCOS women were overweight, Vitamin D was most deficient in PCOS women, in PCOS women hirsutism, acne, and irregularity of menstrual cycle were more frequently occur. There are significantly reduced of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL with VIT.D in PCOS patients, while HDL with VIT.D in PCOS patients is significantly increased, there is raised significantly of testosterone with no significant of SHBG in PCOS patients and no significant reduced of FSH in PCOS patients.