Pathophysiology of Pain

Abstract

Pain sensitivity depends on the interaction of nociceptive and antinociceptive mechanisms, which can weaken or enhance each other. These mechanisms are part of one functional system, which results in maintaining the integrity of body tissues. Normal functioning of this system is possible while maintaining the activity of both interacting parts. The state of hyperalgesia can develop as a result of both an increase in the activity of nociceptive mechanisms and a suppression of the activity of antinociceptive mechanisms. A decrease in pain thresholds during the formation of a reaction of alertness and fear contributes to the detection of stimuli that are dangerous to the body. Increasing pain thresholds during emotions of rage and aggression expands the body’s capabilities in the formation of active defensive behavior.