Information Horizons: American Journal of Library and Information Science Innovation (2993-2777)
Information Horizons: American Journal of Library and Information Science Innovation (2993-2777) - a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of innovative science-related disciplines. The objective of this journal is to provide a veritable platform for scientists and researchers all over the world to promote, share, and discuss a variety of innovative ideas and developments in all aspects of library and Information Science. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published shortly after acceptance. The Information Horizons: American Journal of Library and Information Science Innovation is published monthly one volume per year. All articles published in AJLISI are peer-reviewed.
Synthesis, Characterization and Cyclic Voltammetry Study of 5-(2-((7-Methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)Methylene)Hydrazineyl)-1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2-Thiol and its Metal Complexes
The current research included synthesis new Ligand5-(2-((7-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)methylene) hydrazineyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thio(L).the various metal ion complexes ofCr(III), Fe(II),Ni(II)andCo(II) were synthesized. Spectral methods were used to characterize the Ligand and its complexes spectra techniques including , 1H-NMR ,13C-NMR Mass spectraand molar conductivity.Cyclovoltametry was used to study the oxidation-reduction processes (electrochemical properties) of both the Ligand and its complexes, providing further evidence for complex formation.The semi-empirical calculation using Hyperchem software to obtain the optimization molecular structure of the Ligand and its complexes, and to perform theoretical calculations to study the electrostatic potential. This provided information on suitable complexation sites and possible complex shapes by theoretically studying the energy of these complexes and using molar conductivity calculations., Based on the results obtained from spectral and theoretical methods, we propose octahedral geometrics for Cr (III), Fe (II) ,Ni (II) and Co(II).
SiO₂/Polyazomethine/Polyaniline Hybrid Nanocomposites: Synthesis and Characterization
This investigation aims to standardize and characterize a novel nanopolymer composite of SiO₂/PAM/PAn The polymer composite is prepared via intermediate polymerization through condensation and is enhanced using silicon nanoparticles to increase its surface area and adsorption capacity. The material is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify functional groups, ray diffraction (DRX) to explore its structure, and barrier electron microscopy (MEB) to analyze its surface and porosity. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (ATG) and transmission electron microscopy (MET) are performed. Gel permeability chromatography (GPC) is also conducted, enabling the calculation of molecular and digital color and polymer stability.
Deltaic Processes and Environmental Challenges in Eastern India
The deltaic regions of Eastern India represent some of the most dynamic and fragile geomorphological systems in the world. Formed by the deposition of sediments carried by major river systems such as the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Mahanadi, these deltas are characterized by intricate networks of distributaries, tidal creeks, and coastal wetlands. This study examines the geomorphological processes shaping deltaic landscapes and the environmental challenges emerging from both natural dynamics and anthropogenic interventions. Focusing on the Ganga–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta and the Mahanadi delta, the paper explores sedimentation, erosion, tidal influences, and sea-level changes. It further analyzes critical environmental issues, including coastal erosion, salinization, flooding, biodiversity loss, and climate change impacts. Drawing on regional examples such as the Sundarbans, the study highlights the vulnerability of deltaic populations and ecosystems. The research emphasizes the need for sustainable management strategies integrating scientific understanding, policy interventions, and community participation to ensure resilience and long-term environmental stability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Information Horizons: American Journal of Library and Information Science Innovation (2993-2777)
Preparation, Characterization, and Quantum Chemical Investigation of New Schiff Base Complexes with Transition Metal Ions
Thiosemicarbazide and aromatic aldehyde are used to create the Schiff bases (L1, L2). Cu (II), Co, and Ni ions were added to these ligands to further complex them. Measurements of conductance, magnetic susceptibility, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and H1NMR spectra have all been used to characterize the compounds. The ligands' spectrum data and density function theory were found to be in good agreement with their structures, demonstrating the great purity of every molecule. The program of Hyperchem 8 have been used for theoretical accounts using PM3 method to study the electrostatic potential that provided good information about the complexity site. Of the result obtained we can suggest square planer geometry for Cu (ІІ) complexes. The antioxidant activity of the syntheses compounds was evaluated by DPPH scavenger and these were showed a good antioxidant activity.
Main Processes Of Development And Forms Of Interaction Between Different Languages
The evolution of linguistic systems is a dynamic process driven by social interaction and the complex interplay between primary and foreign languages. This study examines the fundamental mechanisms behind language development, focusing on how internal cognitive processes and external social interactions shape linguistic forms. Despite extensive research on individual language acquisition, a significant knowledge gap persists regarding the specific ways in which multiple variables interact within a dynamic system to produce various forms of interlingual interference and convergence. Utilizing a qualitative synthesis of developmental data and interlingual process analysis, the methodology investigates several language contact scenarios and classroom interaction models. The research identifies that language development is not a linear progression but a multifaceted system where metalinguistic awareness and social relationships act as primary drivers of change. Findings reveal that the degree of interaction between different languages is determined by the specific "constellations" of linguistic forms and the cognitive depth of the learning environment. The results demonstrate that social interaction serves as the primary source of developmental processes, leading to the stabilization of new linguistic structures through contact and usage. The implications of this study suggest that language education should prioritize interactive environments that mirror real-world language contacts to foster deeper linguistic cognition. Furthermore, these findings highlight the necessity for a shift toward dynamic systems theory in understanding how languages influence one another, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness of multilingual pedagogy in diverse linguistic settings.
THE ROLE OF NATIONAL INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGY IN FORMING THE QUALITIES OF A PERFECT YOUNG GENERATION
This article examines the role and significance of national innovative pedagogical technology in shaping the qualities of a perfect young generation. The study analyzes innovative approaches aimed at preserving and developing national values within pedagogical processes. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of modern pedagogical technologies in fostering the spiritual, intellectual, and social development of youth. The article defines the concept of national innovative pedagogical technology and analyzes its role and effectiveness in nurturing a well-rounded personality.
national innovative pedagogical technology
Study of the Effect of Gender on Some Biochemical Parameters in Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases in Thi Qar, Iraq
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the most well-known causes of death in the elderly. These conditions include ischemic heart disease, stroke, and several other cardiac and vascular diseases, all affecting the heart and circulatory system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sex on levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), malondialdehyde (MDA) in elderly patients (ages 60-79) with CVD, compared with other patients (ages 20–59) with the same disease, as well as control groups of the elderly and others. Samples of blood were collected from sixty patients of both sexes with CVD. These patients were divided into two age groups: the first group consisted of thirty elderly patients (15 males/15 females), while the second group comprised thirty other patients (18 males/12 females). The study also included a control group of apparently healthy individuals, who were similarly divided into 30 elderly individuals (15 males/15 females) and 30 other individuals (14 males/ 16 females). The results showed a significant increase in MDA concentration in the serum of elderly female cardiovascular patients compared to male patients of the same age group (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in serum concentration of OxLDL between the sexes in the other patient and healthy groups. Within each sex, significant differences were found between patients and healthy individuals across all age groups (p≤0.05). Assessing oxidative stress parameters in each age group, in both females and males, may contribute to predicting cardiovascular disease and help determine the level of risk.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Integrated Success Pedagogical Model in EFL Higher Education: A Multi-Site Quasi-Experimental Study
This study presents the experimental evaluation of the Integrated Success Pedagogical Model (ISPM) in three higher education institutions, involving 360 participants across three courses. A quasi-experimental design compared experimental and control groups to assess ISPM’s impact on cognitive, motivational, behavioral, and reflective outcomes. Data collection methods included testing, surveys, observation, project analysis, and reflective journals. Results show significant improvements in the experimental groups, confirming the pedagogical and methodological value of ISPM in EFL instruction. Practical recommendations are provided to support systematic integration of success-oriented learning activities.
The article extensively explores Alisher Navoi, one of the greatest figures, and his role in the 21st century. The main objective of the study is to analyze Navoi’s place in world literature, his scholarly and artistic legacy, as well as the current priority policies of spiritual education being implemented in Uzbekistan. Additionally, the article presents the perspectives of participants from an international scientific-theoretical conference, including Navoi scholars and literary researchers from various countries. In my personal opinion, the study should highlight the importance of teaching Navoi’s works in higher education institutions, the systematic research conducted in the field of Navoi studies, and their role in developing national spirituality, giving special attention to these aspects.
Hydrogen Sulfide Crosstalk with Melatonin in Regulating Photosynthetic Resilience under Heat Stress
Plants are sessile organisms that face continuous alterations in environmental conditions. Among such factors, heat stress has been considered one of the most disadvantageous variables to crop productivity. High temperatures rapidly impair photosynthetic efficiency, disturb cellular redox balance, and alter hormonal regulation, hence limiting growth and productivity in plants. Although much literature exists regarding the role of individual protective agents, their combined actions-particularly melatonin and H₂S-have not yet been brought under the spotlight with respect to their ability to improve plant heat tolerance. All the research work carried out in this study was done to investigate physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and molecular responses of plants treated with melatonin and H₂S under heat-stressed conditions. Treatments applied in this experiment were controlled applications of melatonin, H₂S, and their combination, as well as heat stress alone. Among the physiological parameters measured by standard techniques were photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. Biochemical responses with regard to ROS accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities were performed using established assays. In this study, the ABA, IAA, and GA levels were detected by ELISA, and the expressions of heat stress-associated genes HSP70 and HSP90 were determined by qRT-PCR. These results showed that severe heat stress strongly reduced photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content, thereby increasing the accumulation of ROS. Both melatonin and H₂S treatments alone significantly relieved these effects, but combined application was most protective toward photosynthesis, the maintenance of chlorophyll, mitigation of oxidative damage, activation of antioxidant enzymes, and restoration of hormonal balance. Combined treatment also upregulated the transcription of HSP70 and HSP90 strongly, indicating that there is a synergistic molecular mechanism behind improved heat tolerance. In this view, the synergistic use of melatonin and H₂S represents an integrative approach to improved plant tolerance to heat stress by synchronized physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and genetic responses. It could also be highly useful in developing sustainable approaches to the improvement of crop productivity under a globally warming climate.
Synthesis, Characterization, DFT and Molecular Docking Studies of Some New Imidazole Derivatives as Diabetes Drugs
Researchers in the field of medicinal chemistry have focused their efforts on developing safer and less toxic pharmaceutical compounds for treating type 2 diabetes, compounds that can be used long-term without causing serious side effects. This study focused on the synthesis of two new imidazole derivatives using an alkaline medium and DMSO as a solvent. Good yields were obtained, and the chemical structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and proton-carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The results showed complete agreement with the theoretically predicted structures. In addition, two theoretical studies were conducted on the synthesized compounds, including density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular docking studies of the SIRT1 and GSK3β proteins. The results of these studies were then correlated with the analysis of the theoretical data. The results showed that compound 3β was the most effective of the synthesized compounds.
Predictive Analytics for Inflation Forecasting and Data-Informed Monetary Policy Optimization in the United States
Effective monetary policy formulation requires accurate forecasting of inflation since the dynamics of inflation directly affect interest rates, financial stability and the overall economic performance. Nevertheless, most of the traditional inflation forecasting models have commonly been linearized and they have been based on stable economic relationships that might not reflect nonlinearities, structural breaks and regime shifts that are observed in long term macroeconomic data. This paper builds a predictive analytics based model to study inflationary behavior and help rationalize the monetary policy in the US using data. The study is based on historical annual data that has been used since the year 1929 to the year 2024 and can therefore be said to have been used in the analysis of inflation dynamics across different economic regimes such as those of sustained stability, significant economic shocks, and increased inflation volatility. The research combines both descriptive statistical analysis and machine learning in the evaluation of inflation momentum, shock deviations, and volatility trends which cannot be evaluated by the traditional methods of econometrics. The model to be used is the Support Vector machine (SVM) to classify low and high inflation regime by the rate of inflation and the most important indicators of monetary policy especially the federal funds rate. In order to assure methodological rigor, model performance has been assessed with several measures, such as confusion matrices, receiver operating characteristic analysis, F1-score, and recall, which are ideal in the conditions of macroeconomic data such as limited observations and class imbalance. The empirical evidence shows that predictive analytics has the capability to detect the inflation regimes and can better detect the inflationary risk, especially when longer historical windows are taken into account. The findings also indicate the importance of regime-driven models and nonlinear analysis methods in improvement of inflation monitoring and forecasting models. Policy-wise, the research shows that the informed use of data provided by predictive analytics can decrease policy response lags, enhance situational awareness, and make more adaptive and evidence-based monetary policy choices in the United States, thereby enhancing the existing literature on the use of machine learning in macroeconomic policy analysis.
Synthesis, Characterization of Some 1H-Tetrazole Derivatives From 3-Aminoacetophene & 3-Amino Phenol
Tetrazole derivatives a-d have been synthesized in this work. The basic tetrazole aαb were synthesized by cyclization reaction of primary amine (3-aminoacetophenone, 3-aminophenol ) with sodium azide and triethyl orthoformate in hot glacial acetic acid. The tetrazole linked pyridine -2-one derivatives c were synthesized by the reaction of compound a with aromatic aldehyde (4-bromobenzaldehyde, 4-methoxy- benzaldehyde), ammonium acetate and ethyl cyanoacetate in ethanol absolute. On the other hand, the alkylation reaction of tetrazole derivatives 2 with alkyl chloride (1-chlorobutane, 1, 4-dichloro butane) in the present of potassium carbonate resulted compounds d. The various spectrum techniques that were available, such as FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, were used to confirm the structures of the produced compounds. Abiological studies were conducted on the prepared compounds 5and 6 to test their effectiveness against bacteria and as anti-cancer agents. It was found that the compounds d were not possess activity against bacteria. While The cytotoxicity study of b, d against Esophageal cancer cells revealed significant cytotoxic effects with an IC₅₀ value of 707 µg/mL. The compounds exhibited selective activity, showing a notable difference between its effects on cancerous (SKGT4).
Copyright (c) 2025 Information Horizons: American Journal of Library and Information Science Innovation (2993-2777)
Psychologism in Alexander Pushkin’s Novel Eugene Onegin
This paper examines psychologism as a vital element of Alexander Pushkin’s artistic method in the novel Eugene Onegin. Particular attention is paid to the techniques used to depict the characters’ inner worlds, their emotional and moral experiences, and the motives behind their actions. The study analyzes the interaction between the author and the protagonists, the influence of social and cultural contexts on character formation, and the role of narration and internal monologues in conveying the subtle nuances of psychological life.
Modeling of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances in Silicon Nanostructures
In this work, we consider numerical modeling of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) in silicon nanoparticles doped with rare-earth elements (Eu, Er, Yb). Literature data on the complex dielectric function ε(ω) for crystalline Si and the corresponding silicides (EuSi₂, ErSi₂, YbSi₂) were used to construct models of spherical nanoparticles, including core–shell configurations with a SiO₂ oxide shell. Using Python-based software (implementation of Mie theory), absorption and scattering spectra were calculated and the position of the LSPR peak was determined. The influence of nanoparticle radius (≈10–100 nm), doping concentration, and the refractive index of the surrounding medium on the position and width of the plasmon peak as well as on local field enhancement was investigated. Based on the analysis of the obtained dependences, recommendations are formulated for selecting Si–RE nanostructure parameters to tune the resonance within the required spectral range (visible or infrared) for sensing and photonic applications.
The Development of Russian Drama and Theatrical Art: From Classicism to Contemporary Theater Trends
This study examines the historical development and transformation of Russian drama and theatrical art, tracing its evolution from Classicism to contemporary theatrical trends. The research highlights the significant artistic movements, thematic innovations, and stylistic changes that have shaped Russian theater over several centuries. Emphasis is placed on the role of theater in reflecting social values, human psychology, moral dilemmas, and cultural identity. The study also explores the impact of avant-garde experimentation, Soviet ideological influences, and modern technological and multimedia approaches on contemporary performance practices. By analyzing these developments, the research demonstrates how Russian drama has continuously adapted to social, cultural, and artistic transformations while preserving its distinct aesthetic and cultural identity. This work provides insights into the ongoing dialogue between tradition and innovation in Russian theatrical art and underscores its enduring relevance in both national and international contexts.
Features of the Emotional-Volitional Sphere of Preschool Children in the Digital Environment
The rapid expansion of the digital environment has significantly transformed the conditions of early childhood development, particularly affecting the emotional-volitional sphere of preschool children. This study examines the key features of emotional regulation, volitional control, motivation, and behavioral self-management of preschool-aged children within digitally mediated contexts. The research analyzes both the developmental opportunities and the potential risks associated with early exposure to digital technologies, including interactive media, educational applications, and virtual communication. Special attention is given to changes in emotional responsiveness, impulse control, attention regulation, and the formation of perseverance and self-control skills. The findings indicate that while appropriately designed digital resources can support emotional engagement and cognitive motivation, excessive or unregulated use may lead to emotional instability, reduced frustration tolerance, and weakened volitional regulation. The study emphasizes the importance of balanced digital interaction, adult mediation, and psychologically informed pedagogical strategies to foster healthy emotional-volitional development in preschool children within the digital environment.
THE REFLECTION OF FRENCH CULTURE IN LITERARY TEXTS
The article is devoted to investigation of reflection of French culture in literary texts. A major part of the culture is language and literature. Knowledge of a foreign language and foreign literature is of great importance in the upbringing of a harmonious generation in today's education. Learning a foreign language is undoubtedly associated with foreign literature. Foreign literature provides the basis for the upbringing of the younger generation and the ability of young people to have a quality knowledge base. Foreign literature allows you to study a foreign language, its culture, national traditions and values. major part of the culture is language and literature.
THE COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC INTERPRETATION OF TOPONYMS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW
Toponyms represent more than arbitrary referential labels; they encapsulate cognitive processes of spatial conceptualization, environmental perception, and cultural encoding. Grounded in cognitive linguistics and the German tradition of the "linguistic worldview" (sprachliches Weltbild), this expanded article analyzes German place names as reflections of embodied cognition, image schemas, metonymy, and metaphor. Motivational patterns—descriptive (topographical and hydrological), possessive/settlement-based, functional, and substrate influences—are examined in depth, with regional variations highlighting historical migrations and worldview shifts. An extended table provides categorized examples, frequencies, and cognitive interpretations. Findings demonstrate how toponyms contribute to mental mapping, collective identity, and linguistic relativity, fossilizing perceptual salience and human-landscape interactions in the German sprachliches Weltbild. Implications for cognitive onomastics, cultural linguistics, and interdisciplinary studies are discussed.
ANALYTICAL TOOLS OF THE SEMANTIC FIELD IN MODERN GERMAN LANGUAGE: EVOLUTION, METHODS, AND APPLICATIONS
The theory of semantic fields (Wortfeldtheorie), originating in German structuralist linguistics, continues to play a pivotal role in understanding lexical organization in modern German. This enhanced article surveys the historical foundations, core analytical tools, and contemporary advancements in semantic field analysis. Key tools include paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations, componential analysis, onomasiological and semasiological approaches, corpus-based distributional methods, and computational resources such as GermaNet. Integration with cognitive linguistics, frame semantics, and distributional semantics reflects a shift from rigid structuralist models to empirical, usage-based paradigms. Applications span lexicography, language teaching, diachronic studies, and natural language processing. Challenges like fuzzy boundaries and polysemy are addressed through hybrid methodologies, affirming the theory's enduring relevance in German lexical semantics.
Semantic field, Wortfeldtheorie, German linguistics, lexical semantics, GermaNet, corpus linguistics, distributional semantics.
THE INTERPLAY OF SIGN AND SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING
This article explores the intricate relationship between sign and simultaneous interpreting, examining how the principles and practices of sign language interpretation intersect with the demanding modality of simultaneous interpretation. While traditionally viewed as distinct fields, a deeper analysis reveals significant overlaps in cognitive demands, strategic approaches, and the ultimate goal of facilitating effective cross-linguistic communication. This article delves into the theoretical underpinnings of both disciplines, analyzes the unique challenges and adaptations required for simultaneous sign language interpreting, discusses current research and technological advancements, and proposes future directions for the field. By integrating insights from both auditory and visual interpreting, this research aims to foster a more comprehensive understanding of the interpreter’s role in bridging linguistic and cultural divides.
New Features of the Process of National Identity Understanding in the Formation of the Global Information Space
This article discusses the issues of studying the essence, characteristics, formation factors, and social significance of the phenomenon of national identity in the context of today's global information space and the “network society” that is being formed under its influence.
Analysis of Electronic Commerce Systems in Uzbekistan
This article conducted a study of e-commerce systems in Uzbekistan on the example of Foton JSC. During the study, the legal framework, infrastructure and practical aspects of e-commerce in the activities of Foton JSC were studied. The results show that e-commerce is developing rapidly in Uzbekistan, but there are a number of problems and recommendations for solving and further development of these problems are presented.
Advancing Health Sciences Education: Evaluation of Modern Library Services and Digital Resource Integration in Multidisciplinary Institutes of Chikkaballapur District
Modern library services have become central to strengthening health sciences education, particularly as multidisciplinary institutes increasingly rely on digital resources, evidence-based materials, and technology-enabled learning. This qualitative study evaluates modern library services and digital resource integration in multidisciplinary health sciences institutes of Chikkaballapur district, Karnataka. The research investigates library infrastructure, digital access, user satisfaction, ICT facilities, and budgetary trends across seven institutes, including government and private medical, nursing, and allied health colleges. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and on-site observations. Analysis of library infrastructure shows that reading rooms and reference sections are largely available (fully available in 71% and 57% of institutes, respectively), while ICT-enabled study zones and automated circulation systems are limited. Access to digital resources varies, with e-books and RGUHS HELINET available in 71% of institutes, but e-journals and digital repositories less consistently provided. User satisfaction surveys indicate moderate to high satisfaction among students (80%) and faculty (80%), with better satisfaction in institutes with stronger ICT support. ICT tools such as printers and scanners are relatively well provided, whereas projectors and internet-enabled study zones remain scarce. Budget trends show gradual increases in annual library allocations (4.2 lakh in 2021 to 4.9 lakh in 2024), though still insufficient for full digital adoption. Findings highlight uneven digital integration, limited training for librarians, and inadequate user education. Recommendations include increased investment in digital subscriptions, regular librarian training, development of institutional digital repositories, enhanced ICT infrastructure, structured information literacy programs, and district-level consortiums for pooled e-resource access. Overall, modernized, user-focused, and digitally integrated library services are essential for strengthening teaching, learning, and research in health sciences education, particularly in semi-urban districts like Chikkaballapur.
Solving Invertible Equations and Higher-Degree Equations
Solving inverse equations and higher-order equations is one of the important areas of mathematical analysis and algebra. An inverse equation is an equation that is related to a power or function of a variable and requires finding the value of the variable. Higher-order equations are represented by polynomials of degree two or higher. This topic analyzes methods for solving equations, finding roots using discriminants and formulas, factoring, and graphical approaches. Also, methods for solving higher-order equations using complex numbers and trigonometric functions are considered. Along with theoretical foundations, problem-solving strategies and practical applications serve to strengthen mathematical knowledge. The topic is widely used in the fields of scientific research and applied mathematics.
Parallelogram and Rhombus: Properties and Surface
This annotation analyzes the main properties of a parallelogram and a rhombus, the formulas for calculating their surface area, and their place in geometry. Properties such as parallel sides of a parallelogram, the division of diagonals into two equal parts, and the equality of all sides of a rhombus and the perpendicularity of its diagonals are covered on a scientific basis. The topic gives students a deeper understanding of geometric figures and improves their ability to apply theoretical knowledge in practical tasks.
PERSONALIZATION TECHNOLOGIES IN DIGITAL MARKETING BASED ON USER BEHAVIOR
This article examines the growing role of personalization technologies in digital marketing, focusing specifically on how user behavior is tracked, interpreted, and transformed into adaptive marketing experiences. As digital ecosystems evolve into data-intensive environments, companies increasingly rely on behavioral analytics to refine customer journeys, predict preferences, and deliver hyper-relevant content. By analyzing scholarly research in consumer psychology, data science, marketing analytics, and information systems, the study reveals how personalization contributes to value creation by enhancing relevance, reducing search friction, and strengthening emotional engagement. At the same time, it highlights critical tensions surrounding privacy, algorithmic opacity, and the risk of behavioral over-targeting. The findings emphasize that personalization, when executed responsibly, significantly improves marketing effectiveness, yet requires balanced governance, ethical safeguards, and transparent data practices.
The Aesthetic of Decorative Composition in the Baghdad Mashrabiya
This paper will dwell on the aesthetical structure of the decorative elements of mashrabiya (shanasheel), a common architectural design of an Iraqi urban tradition. The study emphasizes the mashrabiya as a form of cultural identity that incorporates functional, environmental, and aesthetic values that lie within the context of history and civilisation. The study attempts to determine the visual, structural and decorative features that make the mashrabiya a unique artistic composition in Baghdad through the examination of selected samples of heritage neighborhoods on either sides of Baghdad (Karkh and Rusafa). The study takes the descriptive-analytical approach that is backed by field observation and record keeping, and it involves the correlation between the motives of geometry, vegetable, animal and abstract during the construction of decorative units. The results show that these units possess aesthetic values relating to harmony and balance, rhythm and unity as they replicate the intellectual and cultural aspects of the community creating such units. Moreover, the research concludes that Baghdad mashrabiya is a crucial part of maintaining the heritage identity and the urban memory, as well as providing the possibilities of the modern artistic and architectural innovation. It is suggested in the study that to maintain the aesthetic and cultural value of the mashrabiya art in modern architectural settings, more awareness, documentation, restoration and revival of mashrabiya art should be done.
Khawlah abdul-razzaq abdul-wahhab Al-azzawi
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIO-LEGAL FOUNDATIONS FOR REFORMING THE FAMILY INSTITUTION IN NEW UZBEKISTAN
This article analyzes the social and legal foundations of family institution reforms in New Uzbekistan, the process of their formation, key principles, and future directions. The initiatives on the family institute was proposed.
THE ETHICAL ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPTS OF SHUKUR, RIDA AND SABR AS PER SUFI-PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF AZIZIDDIN NASAFI
In the following article the ethical essence of the concepts of shukur, rida and sabr as per sufi-philosophical views of Aziziddin Nasafi are reconsidered. His views are analysed from the viewpoint of the comparison of the treatises compiled by Khujviri based on his “Kashf al-Mahjub”.