http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/issue/feed American Journal of Engineering , Mechanics and Architecture (2993-2637) 2025-01-22T07:00:25-05:00 Editor in Chief editor@grnjournal.us Open Journal Systems <p><a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2993-2637"><strong><em>American Journal of Engineering, Mechanics and Architecture (2993-2637)</em> </strong></a>is an international peer-reviewed journal published to reach excellence on Research and Scientific Development. The journal is not limited to a specific aspect of engineering and architecture but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering sciences and architecture. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome. The journal strives to maintain high-quality of publications. There will be a commitment to expediting the time taken for the publication of the papers. The editorial board reserves the right to reject papers without sending them out for review. The journal also publishes innovative contributions on every aspect of the architectural endeavor.</p> http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6524 Unique Design of Sports School Column: Innovation and Practical Application 2025-01-06T04:30:57-05:00 Alimov Khikmat Tairovich author@gmail.co Ro’zmatov Kamol Rustam o’g’li author@gmail.co Akrobjonova Dilnozaxon Shavkatbek qizi author@gmail.co <p>This article provides rules for designing and calculating unique roof structures of sports schools. In addition, information is given on modern materials used in unique roof constructions of sports schools.</p> 2025-01-06T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6525 Ultrafast Phenomena: The Role of Lasers in Modern Physics 2025-01-06T04:33:27-05:00 Hassan Yassin Mohammed Jabr author@gmail.co Hussien Ali Abdullah author@gmail.co Kazem Mayouf Tabak author@gmail.co Mohammed Hameed Radhi author@gmail.co Montazer Fadel Yabbar Hussein author@gmail.co <p>Ultrafast phenomena, encompassing events that occur on timescales ranging from femtoseconds (10⁻¹⁵ seconds) to attoseconds (10⁻¹⁸ seconds), have revolutionized our understanding of the microscopic world. Lasers, particularly ultrafast lasers, have become indispensable tools in modern physics, enabling the observation, manipulation, and understanding of processes at these extreme temporal scales. This paper explores the critical role of ultrafast lasers in advancing fields such as quantum mechanics, condensed matter physics, and photonics. Techniques like pump-probe spectroscopy, time-resolved microscopy, and attosecond pulse generation have unlocked unprecedented insights into electron dynamics, molecular vibrations, and phase transitions. Applications in fundamental research are complemented by groundbreaking technological developments, including advancements in high-speed telecommunications, ultrafast computing, and precise medical diagnostics. Furthermore, the synergy between ultrafast laser technology and other innovations, such as high-field physics and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) generation, is paving the way for novel interdisciplinary applications. By shedding light on the mechanisms governing ultrafast events, lasers continue to shape the trajectory of modern physics, offering transformative possibilities for both theoretical and applied sciences.</p> 2025-01-06T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6563 Method for Determining Non-Isomorphism of Graphs 2025-01-09T02:13:54-05:00 Urakova Dilnoza Karimovna author@gmail.co <p>Among the numerous examples of application areas of algorithms for solving the problem of determining graph isomorphism, we note the problem of syntactic and structural pattern recognition, some problems of mathematical chemistry and chemoinformatics (study of the molecular structures of chemical compounds), problems related to the study of social networks (for example, linking several accounts of one user on Facebook).</p> 2025-01-09T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6571 Application of Bentonite as an Anti-Filtration Material in Hydraulic Engineering: A Case Study of the Tudakul Reservoir 2025-01-11T01:11:49-05:00 Shohzod Yаkhshiev, Аziz Khаydаrоv author@gmail.co <p>Filtration through reservoir dam is a vital issue affecting the sustainability of hydraulic structures and the efficiency of water distribution. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of filtration management methods, focusing on bentonite as a filtration control membrane. The results of the Tudakul reservoir dam study highlight the structural challenges of filtration through porous soils, with water losses posing a huge threat to sustainability. Laboratory and theoretical studies monitor the performance of bentonite, which, due to its special swelling properties, creates a dense gel barrier when in contact with water. This study compares bentonite with alternative solutions, including concrete liners, comparing key parameters such as cost, ease of installation, self-healing properties and environmental impact. The results indicate that bentonite is a cost-effective, sustainable and durable filtration control membrane with large capacity for programs in water-scarce regions.</p> 2025-01-10T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6572 Assessing the Effects of Urbanization on Water Quality Metrics in Shat Al Garaf River: A Comparative Analysis of BOD5, COD and TOC 2025-01-11T01:46:49-05:00 Haleem K. Alewi author@gmail.co <p>This study investigates the strength of the connection between (total organic carbon TOC and other measures of water quality, such as biological and chemical oxygen demand BOD5, COD), in the context of water quality in the Shat Al Garaf River, southern Iraq. Over two years, water samples were collected and tested to obtain BOD5, COD, and TOC data. The analysis shows a good correlation between TOC and BOD5 (r = 0.95) and TOC and COD (r = 0.93), facilitating the formulation of predictive equations for calculating BOD5 and COD concentrations derived from TOC measurements. Based on the findings, it seems that total organic carbon (TOC) has the potential to function as a trustworthy indicator for evaluating the water quality of the Shat Al Garaf River, which would allow for improved management and monitoring procedures. the need for more research was significant on the link between TOC and BOD5 to improve the knowledge of freshwater resources management in the field.</p> 2025-01-11T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6580 Artificial Intelligence in Power System Operations: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions 2025-01-13T01:35:06-05:00 Israa abdulkareem Shakir author@gmail.co <p>This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in power system operations. The paper delves into the historical evolution of AI applications in energy management, highlighting its impact on load forecasting, demand-side management, fault detection, grid stability, and renewable energy integration. It addresses the key challenges faced during implementation, including data quality, computational complexity, legacy system integration, cybersecurity, and ethical considerations.</p> <p>Future directions are discussed, emphasizing predictive maintenance, decentralized grids, hybrid AI models, and real-time decision-making. The review also presents case studies demonstrating successful AI applications in power systems, such as those by Siemens and General Electric, showcasing performance improvements and cost savings. Finally, practical recommendations are provided for seamless AI integration, underscoring the importance of industry-academia partnerships and training programs for engineers to leverage AI effectively.</p> <p>AI's potential in revolutionizing the energy sector is undeniable, paving the way for more efficient, reliable, and sustainable power systems to meet future energy demands.</p> 2025-01-13T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6581 Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Geotechnical Engineering: A Comprehensive Review 2025-01-13T01:54:46-05:00 Taghreed Flayyih Hasan author@gmail.co <p>Geotechnical engineering is a critical field underpinning infrastructure development, but traditional methods face challenges due to data variability, complexity, and inefficiencies. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies is revolutionizing this discipline, enabling enhanced prediction accuracy, real-time decision-making, and cost-efficient solutions.</p> <p>This review explores the transformative role of AI and big data in geotechnics, focusing on applications like site characterization, slope stability analysis, foundation design optimization, seismic hazard assessment, and subsurface modeling. Key AI techniques, including machine learning, deep learning, and expert systems, are analyzed for their effectiveness in addressing complex geotechnical problems. Big data sources, such as satellite imagery, remote sensing, and real-time monitoring, are examined for their contribution to improving predictive modeling and risk assessment.</p> <p>The review highlights the benefits of AI and big data, including improved safety, faster decision-making, and cost savings, while addressing challenges such as data quality, model interpretability, and integration with traditional methods. Future directions, such as AI-augmented digital twins, autonomous monitoring systems, advanced data fusion, and generative AI in design, are discussed as potential innovations shaping the field.</p> <p>Through case studies and real-world applications, this review emphasizes the importance of adopting data-driven approaches and interdisciplinary collaboration to overcome challenges and unlock the full potential of AI and big data in geotechnical engineering. This vision aims to achieve sustainable, efficient, and resilient infrastructure development in the coming decades.</p> 2025-01-12T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6636 TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF THE AMOUNT OF DISPERSED FIBERS ON THE CEMENT STONE AND DETERMINE THE OPTIMAL COMPOSITION 2025-01-22T00:56:15-05:00 Saidmuratov Baxtiyor Ibragimovich author@gmail.com Toshjo‘rayev Suxrob Ramazonovich author@gmail.com Ibragimov Navruzbek Shaydullayevich author@gmail.com <p>The article presents the results of experimental research on the effect of the amount of basalt fiber on the physical and mechanical properties of fine-grained concrete. The selected composition of micro-reinforced sandy concrete is recommended for the manufacture of thin-walled spatial structures. Conclusions on the research work carried out are presented.</p> 2025-01-20T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6641 Study and Analyses Frequency Spectrum of the Modulated Signal 2025-01-22T04:13:45-05:00 Saba Fadhel Jaf author@gmail.co <p>This article is about simulation of all the type of FM and AM with full control over every aspect of this two modulation including there amplitude modulation index and many more and show the difference between the AM type like double side band transmitted carrier and double sideband suppressed carrier and single side band suppressed carrier and show briefed compression between MATLAB Simulink with LabView and why should choose the LabView in the comminution simulation also studying spectral analyzer which can be used to measure frequency spectrum and the simulation that we done it include in Realtime modulation and FFT (Fast Fourier Transform ) that used to show the signal in frequency domain , also we can mention that the simulation in this project contain wide range of excrement which mean it not limited for range of input value.</p> 2025-01-22T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6643 STORY ARCHITECTURAL FORMS 2025-01-22T06:43:02-05:00 Ashurova Makhliyo Shodiyevna author@gmail.co <p>Architectural images express the ideas of society in the language of geometric, abstract forms, therefore it is necessary to correlate architectural form with the corresponding content indirectly, following the principle of the historicity of the created images. Seemingly different buildings can have very subtle connections, preserving a somewhat constant figurative structure, and first of all - symbolic. Architectural forms created by people and for people were a reflection of the worldview system of the era.</p> 2025-01-21T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6644 Simulink Model of an Energy-Saving Mode for the Weaving Machine Electric Drive 2025-01-22T06:58:32-05:00 Sh. Y. Usmonov author@gmail.co A. Sh. Tursunov author@gmail.co <p>This article presents the development of a mathematical model for ensuring energy-efficient operation by considering the electromagnetic and mechanical dynamics of an asynchronous motor. The model is simulated using the Simulink package of the MATLAB software, allowing analysis of the motor's static and dynamic states as well as optimization through control systems. The general dynamics of the asynchronous motor are expressed using equations based on a genetic algorithm, enabling precise modeling of its operational parameters. Control over parameters such as flux, torque, and angular velocity ensures optimal energy consumption. Artificial neural networks are incorporated to manage load and speed, contributing to increased energy efficiency.</p> 2025-01-22T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025 http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6645 Transformable Furniture and Minimalism: Innovative Approaches in Contemporary Interior Design 2025-01-22T07:00:25-05:00 Shokirova Parvina Kamalovna author@gmail.co <p>This study explores the innovative integration of transformable furniture and minimalist design in contemporary interior spaces. Despite the growing demand for space-saving and adaptable furniture, a knowledge gap persists regarding its practical implementation in urban residential settings. Using a mixed-methods approach, including design analysis and user feedback, the study investigates the functionality and aesthetic value of transformable furniture. Findings reveal that such designs significantly enhance spatial utility, reduce costs, and improve user satisfaction in minimalist interiors. These results underscore the potential of transformable furniture as a sustainable and efficient solution for modern living, with implications for designers and manufacturers in addressing urban housing challenges.</p> 2025-01-21T00:00:00-05:00 Copyright (c) 2025