olewi, M. S. al- deen mohammed, and M. R. B. M. Al_Nuwaini. “Proposed Planning Methods to Confront the Effects of Urban Encroachment in Najaf Governorate”. American Journal of Engineering , Mechanics and Architecture (2993-2637), vol. 2, no. 12, Dec. 2024, pp. 112-27, http://grnjournal.us/index.php/AJEMA/article/view/6355.